第七节 长句的翻译.pptVIP

Long SentencesIn English-Chinese Translation长句的翻译 (一) 何谓长句？ 多重关系 多个主谓结构 英汉长句对比 1. 使用频率：英语的书面语长句的频率会高于汉语。 “英语书面语长句较多；汉语一般短句较多。英语句子较紧凑，多用主从句，英语可有各种后置修饰语（介词短语、不定式短语、动词短语、分词短语以及从句），这些成分都是造成英语长句的原因；汉语句子结构较松，多用并列结构。” ----王令坤，1998：58 2.构成：英语的长句中有多个主谓结构或多个修饰成分（包括定语和状语）；汉语的长句则指多重复句，即分句中包含着分句。 特点: 有人将英语句子结构比作“葡萄”，把汉语句子比作“竹节”。 ----王玲令坤，1998：58 3.翻译长句的过程：把葡萄式结构转变成竹节式结构，即找出句子主干，然后理清其他成分，将每一部分转换成汉语，这样“层层剥笋”，最后重组。 The prerequisites for the proper handling: ----ability for correct comprehension ----capability for adequate presentation The dialectical unity we strive to achieve ----faithfulness ---- smoothness Stage I Comprehension Step 1: Skeleton form Step 2: Logic sequence / grammatical relations (the principal and subordinate elements) Step 3: Infer the main idea Stage II Presentation Step 4: enter on a tentative translation (mind-map form) Step 5: rearrangement (基本成形) Step 6: finishing touches （加工润色） 拎出主干，梳理结构，条理分明。 从容表达，化长为短，点滴不漏。 译后诵读，加工润改，消除译痕。 Sample Analysis Step 1 : Skeleton form Just advanced by the Russians and later picked up and made much of by certain American writers, was the claim that U-2 pilots were worried that if the device had to be used the CIA had rigged it in such a way that it would explode prematurely, thus eliminating, in one great blast, all incriminating evidence, planes and pilot. Step 1 skeleton form Just advanced by the Russians and later picked up and made much of by certain American writers, was the claim that U-2 pilots were worried that if the device had to be used the CIA had rigged it in such a way that it would explode prematurely, thus eliminating, in one great blast, all incriminating evidence, planes and pilot. Step 2 Logic Sequence: the principal and subordinate elements: Just advanced by the Russians and later picked up and made much of by certain American writers, was the claim that U-2 pilots were worried