初三英语第4讲：介词专题（学生版）.docxVIP

第 4讲介词专题一. 介词的分类1) 简单介词通常指一个单词的介词如at，between,in等2) 合成介词指有两个单词合在一起构成的介词如into ,upon,without等3) 介词短语指有两个或两个以上单词组合在一起所构成的介词如because of,in front of等①介词短语的构成介词+宾语‖结构叫做介词短语。能作介词宾语的有名词、代词、数词或从句 e.g. Who’s knocking at the door? ②介词短语的用法A.作状语 e.g. I arrived at the concert hall in time。B.作定语 e.g. Here is a cheque for $30. C.作表语 e.g. The museum is just across the street. D.作宾语补足语 e.g. We must keep the classroom in good order. 2. 常用介词用法辨析1) 表示时间的介词①表示年、月、日、时刻等用at，in，on Aat用于表示时刻、时刻的某一点 e.g. at eleven o’clock \ at noon \ at present Bon用于表示某日某天的上午、下午、晚上 e.g. on Saturday \ On March 8th Cin用于表示一段时间或季节 e.g. in December \ in spring ②表示前后用before，after A. before:在….之前 e.g. Come and see me tomorrow at any time before eleven a.m. B. after:在….之后 e.g. Spring comes after winter. ③表示期限等用by，until，till A. by: 在….之前不迟于e.g. By the time I arrived, she had already gone. B. Until，till: 直到….为止e.g. The radio worked all night till last night. ④表示期间等用for，duringthrough，between A. for: 达….之久表示过了多少时间e.g. My Johnson stayed in China for 2 weeks. B. during: 在…时期当中 e.g. He woke many times during the night. C. through: 在整整一段时间内 e.g. She sat there, alone, all through that day. D. between: 在两个时间之间突出时间的起点和终点相当于from….toe.g. He kept on working between seven and twelve last night. ⑤表示时间的起点用from, since A. from: 从….起 e.g. From sunrise to sunset he waited. B. since: 自从….以来 e.g. Since my last letter I have heard from him twice. ⑥表示时间的经过等用in，within A. in: 过….后未来时间 e.g. I heard that she would be back in a month. B. within: 以内不超过 e.g. He will arrive within an hour. 2) 表示场所、方向的介词①表示场所的介词at，in，on，above，over，under，below，near，by，between，among等Around，round，about，in front of，behind e.g. There are many trees around the lake. 【注】表示―某地在….里时要用in包含关系，表示―某地在另外一地某方向‖时要用on或to如果两地有空间距离但不接壤时必须用to②表示方向的介词in，into，out of，along，down，across，through，to，towards，forFrom，over，by，past e.g. You must put the dirty paper in the basket. 3) 表示原因的介词①常用来表示原因的介词有becau