2018届江苏高考3500词汇综合练精品系列03_晨读材料.docVIP

affect vt. ①影响：Thousands of people were affected by the floods.成千上万的人受到了洪水的影响。 Her personal problems seem to be affecting her work.她的个人问题影响到工作。 ②(在情感方面)打动，感动：The story affected us deeply.故事深深地打动了我们。 affection n.友爱，亲爱，疼爱，爱情： He won her affection(s).他得到了她的爱情。 He felt great affection for his sister.他很疼爱他妹妹。 afford vt. ①买得起，花得起：We can’t afford (to buy) a new car.我们买不起新车。 Are you able to afford the time for a holiday?你有时间去度假吗？ ②给予，提供：It will afford me great pleasure to have dinner with you.跟你一道吃饭太让我高兴了。 【注意】①表示“买得起”、“花得起”时，通常与 can, could, be able to 连用，但表示“给予”时， 则无需与之连用。 ②表示“买得起”、“花得起”时，其实质意思是指有足够的时间、金钱等，其后可接名 词、代词或不定式，意思明确时，可有所省略：afford to take a taxi =afford a taxi坐得 起计程车/afford the time for a holiday=afford a holiday抽得出时间去度假 afraid adj.①害怕的：He is afraid of snakes.他怕蛇。 She is afraid of flying [to fly].她害怕坐飞机。 He was afraid to go into the house and meet his father.他不敢进屋去见他父亲。 ②担心的：He was afraid of losing face.他担心丢面子。 I’m afraid that he won’t help us.我担心他不会帮我们。 “Is he not coming?” “I am afraid not.(I’m afraid so.)”“他不来吗?”“看来不会(怕是这样)。” Africa n. 非洲：They went to West Africa to see the wild animals.他们到西非去看野生动物。 African adj.非洲的，非洲人的：African countries 非洲国家 n.非洲人 after prep.①在……之后：He came back after dark. 天黑后他才回来。 Shut the door after you.请随手关门。 ②追赶，追求，寻找：The cat ran after the mouse.猫追老鼠。 ③依照，用……的名字：Please make some sentences after this model.请仿照例子造句。 She was named Elizabeth after her grandmother. 她依从祖母的名字取名为伊丽莎白。 ④接连不断：She saw play after play.她接连不断地看戏。 Day after day they worked on.他们日复一日地工作下去。 conj.在……以后：After she got married，she changed completely.她结婚之后完全变了。 afternoon n.下午，午后 afterward(s)adv.后来：I’m busy now. I’ll go there afterward(s).我现在很忙，待会儿再过去。 again adv.再一次，又，再 against prep.①反对，违反：Are you for or against the plan?你对这个计划是赞成还是反对？ That’s against the law.那是违法的。 ②逆：He swam against the tide.他逆流而游。 ③倚着，靠着：He stood with his back against the door.他背靠门站着。 ④衬着，与……对比：It is difficult to see anything against this bright light. 对着这种强光很难看到任何东西。 ⑤防备：Wear a warm coat against the cold.穿