苯—甲苯混合液筛板精馏塔设计毕业论文..docVIP

苯—甲苯混合液筛板精馏塔设计 摘要：Kmol/h的苯-甲苯混合液的分离，进料组成为0.51，馏出液组成为0.9，釜液组成为0.02，塔顶全凝器为泡点回流，回流比为1.5Rmin，加料状态为q=1，单板压降为0.7Kpa。根据设计任务和工艺要求，综合工艺操作方便、经济及安全等多方面因素考虑，确定出分离过程采用筛板式连续精馏操作。其次根据计算出的苯－甲苯的物性数据，对苯－甲苯筛板精馏塔的工艺尺寸进行了设计计算，主要包括：物料衡算、热量衡算、塔板数的确定、塔体工艺尺寸的计算、塔板工艺尺寸的计算、塔板流体力学的验算。其中按照逐板计算求得理论板数为14，根据经验式算得全塔效率为53.4%。塔顶使用全凝器，部分回流。精馏段实际板数为14，提馏段实际板数为14。全塔塔径为1.8m，有效塔高为11.2m。通过板压降、漏液、液泛、液沫夹带的流体力学验算，均在安全操作范围内，并作出塔板负荷性能图，再根据塔板负荷性能图对设计出的筛板塔进行了分析，确定了操作点在操作范围内。最后对设计的过程作了评述。 关键词：苯-甲苯；精馏塔；筛板塔；分离 Design of Continuous Distillation Sieve Plates For Benzene And Toluene Abstract: Benzene - toluene mixture separation sieve tray distillation column design. According to the principles of rectification to be seen, the operation of distillation must also have a bottom reboiler and overhead condenser, and sometimes with the raw material liquid, preheater, recirculation pumps and other ancillary equipment. The design task: under atmospheric pressure, the processing amount 130Kmol /h benzene - toluene mixed liquid separation, feed composition was 0.51, the distillate composition was 0.99 kettle liquid composition is 0.02, the overhead condensate bubble point reflux, the reflux ratio (1.1 - 2.0) Rmin feeding status is q = 0.97, the snowboard pressure drop 0.6KPa. According to the design task and process requirements, the process is easy to operate, economic and security factors to consider to determine the separation process using a the sieve continuous distillation operation. Second, according to the physical data of the calculated benzene - toluene, benzene - toluene sieve distillation column process dimensions the design calculations, including: material balance, heat balance, the determination of the number of trays, tower body process dimensions calculations, the calculation of the plate process size, hydrodynamic checking. Which calculable number of theoretical plates of 14-by-board, full-tower efficiency of 53.4% is calculated on the basis of the empirical formula. The top of the tower using full condense