大学英语教学课件（大二上册）跨文化交际课件Unit-4-I.pptVIP

How is Language Related to Culture 1 Culture and language are interwined and shape each other, 1)If we select language without being aware of the cultural implications, we may at best not communicate well and at worst send the wrong message 2) All languages have social questions and information questions 3) The words in themselves do not carry the meaning which comes out of the context, the cultural usage 2 Language reflects the environment in which we live. We label things that are around us. (examples) – The environment influences the development of technology, products, and the appropriate vocabulary. (examples) 3 Language as reflection of values – Language reflects cultural values. – Language is a mirror of culture, because language reflects human relationships, reflects the way the society operates. – Example: Chinese kinship terms reflect the importance of our family system. Kinship Terms Consider the following Chinese terms: 叔叔 伯伯 舅舅 姨夫 姑父 阿姨 姑姑 舅母 婶婶 小姨子 大嫂 小舅子 小叔子 妹夫 　 婆婆　公公　岳母　岳父 　 表兄弟　堂兄弟　表姐妹　堂姐妹 　 连襟　妯娌 　　　 Problems in Intercultural Understanding A. 林黛玉的母亲是贾宝玉的姑母，贾宝玉的母亲是林黛玉的舅母，又是薛宝钗的姨母。 B. Three cousins of the French President were also to receive diamonds. 4 To communicate concepts effectively, cultural knowledge is as important as linguistic knowledge 5 Communication across cultures and languages is difficult and full of hurdles and pitfall * A Joke about “方便” 两个字把老外搞疯： 吃饭时，一人说去方便一下，老外不解，旁人告诉他＂方便＂就是：上厕所； 敬酒时，另一人对老外说，希望下次出国时能给予方便，老外纳闷不敢问； 酒席上，电视台美女主持人提出，在她方便的时候会安排老外做专访。老外愕然：怎么能在你方便的时候？ 美女主持人说，那在你方便时，我请你吃饭。老外晕倒！ 醒来后，美女主持人又对他说，要不你我都方便时，一起坐坐？老外又一次晕倒，再没有醒来。 大家方便的时候笑一笑吧！ III. Identifying Difference 3.1 Denotations and Connotations 3.2 Kinship terms and more Cultural Impact on Verbal Communication At lexical level At discourse level At pragmatic level Denotational meaning Connotational meaning Lexical Level(词汇层面） Meanings of Words Denotational meaning（指示意义） – It refers to a definitional meaning depending upon