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General Microbiology 130 Fall 2007Roberta Brashear-Kaulfers Class cards Syllabus distribution Website information: /brashear Chapter 1 Scope History of Microbiology Q 1 How would you describe a microbiologist? Let the adventure begin! Definitions: Microbes- germs that cause disease Biology- study of life Microorganisms- bacteria, fungi, protozoa and some algae, closely related to humans in us, on us, and everywhere around us Why Study Microbiology? 1) Microorganisms are part of human environment, and important to human health a) essential to life in every environment b) Maintain balance of nature and essential links in food chains 2) Produce new foods 3) Ability to synthesize antibiotics Why Study Microbiology? 4) Major tools of genetic engineering 5) Certain microbes cause disease 6) Study provides insight into life processes in all life forms Ecologists- Biochemists- Geneticists- Microorganisms are useful in Research for 3 reasons 1) Simple structures 2) Large numbers available, less cost, more numbers provide more reliable results 3) Reproduce quickly (some 20 minutes), can be used for gene transfer Scientists have achieved great success in understanding life processes, and disease control by studying microbes Importance of bacteria to our planet is now being revealed Bacteria have been found in: 1) Deep/hot depths (1.6 km in France – 5.2 km Sweden) 2) Surface biosphere 3) Caves- 4) Deep sea smokers- ocean floor vents 5) Cold seeps- off Continental shelf of US 6) Boiling mud pots- Japan, Yellowstone Scope of Microbiology2 dimensions of Scope Microbiology – study of microbes 1) Variety of kinds of microbes 2) Kinds of work microbiologists do Major Groups of Microbes 1) Bacteria- prokaryotic, single cell, most studied 2) Algae-eukaryotic, single cell to large size, photosynthesize own food 3) Fungi- eukaryotic, single celled-yeast and molds 4) Virus- acellular, nucleic acid and protein need a host for replication Major Groups of Mi