SmartClass ETHERNET 培训.pptVIP

* * Between every Ethernet frame is a period of “quite” with no transmission. This is called the Inter-frame Gap. The Ethernet Frame begins with the Preamble, and Start of Frame Delimiter for 8 bytes which allow for synchronization and identifying the beginning of the Ethernet frame. * The destination and source address fields contain the MAC Addresses of the source and destination devices. They are each 6 bytes long. The Length/Type field is 2 bytes long and the 802.3 frame uses a length field to indicate the length of the data field and DIX Version 2 use a Type field to indicate the type of upper layer data contained in the frame. * The data field contains the user data payload. The FCS is a cyclic redundancy check for error detection * Ethernet has a common frame format for all Ethernet rates. This makes processing Ethernet frames much easier since the frame itself does not need to be altered when it is switched onto links of different speeds. The minimum frame size 64 byes and the maximum frame size is 1518 bytes. Frames smaller than 64 are considered errors and are called undersized frames and frames above 1518 are oversized and are errored. * 每一个VLAN都包含一组有着相同需求的计算机工作站，与物理上形成的LAN有着相同的属性。但由于它是逻辑地而不是物理地划分，所以同一个VLAN内的各个工作站无须被放置在同一个物理空间里，即这些工作站不一定属于同一个物理LAN网段。一个VLAN内部的广播和单播流量都不会转发到其他VLAN中，从而有助于控制流量、减少设备投资、简化网络管理、提高网络的安全性。 * Vlans are created and recognized by the addition of an extra 4 byte field within the Ethernet frame. All frames within the same Vlan will have the same Vlan ID. This allows the separation of frames from each other based on administrator defined rules. But the ID is not the only information that the Vlan field provides. Another very important and useful section is the priority field. Vlans allow an Ethernet frame to be prioritized over another frame which is not prioritized. Without the Vlan field Ethernet does not provide a field for prioritization. This becomes necessary in order to provide proper Quality of Service（QoS）or Q