第9章 数值算法与预定义函数对象.pptxVIP

泛型编程技术C++ STL基础制作者 : 黄襄念西华大学数学与计算机学院2014.01第九章 数值算法相关递增填充 iota累加和 accumulate序列和 partial_sum内积 inner_product相邻差 adjacent_difference预定义函数对象全局数学函数数值数组类 valarray复数运算 complex／35递增填充：iota／35数值算法头文件 # include numericiotaStores a starting value, beginning with the first element and filling with successive increments of that value (_Value++) in each of the elements in the interval [_First, _Last).templateclass ForwardIterator, class Typevoid iota ( ForwardIterator _First, // range : to be filled ForwardIterator _Last, Type _Value ); // 初值为起始值，随后_Value ++累加和：accumulateaccumulateComputes the sum of all the elements in a specified range including some initial value by computing successive partial sums or computes the result of successive partial results similarly obtained from using a specified binary operation other than the sum.templateclass InputIterator, class Type, class BinaryOperationType accumulate ( // 求和算法，返回结果 InputIterator _First, // 运算区间 InputIterator _Last, Type _Val, // 初值：决定元素类型，并参与运算 BinaryOperation _op ); // 二元函数对象：自定义运算 // 缺省运算：加法Return : 取决于初值_Val的类型，因此，_Val 不可缺省。／35序列和：partial_sumpartial_sumComputes a series of sums in an input range from the first element through the ith element and stores the result of each such sum in the ith element of a destination range or computes the result of a generalized procedure where the sum operation is replaced by another specified binary operation.templateclass InputIterator, class OutputIterator, class BinaryOperationOutputIterator partial_sum ( InputIterator _First, // input range InputIterator _Last, OutputIterator _Result, // destination range：ith BinaryOperation _op ); // 二元函数对象：自定义运算 // 缺省运算：加法，前一个 + 后一个Return : addressing the end of the destination range／35内积：inner_product矢量点积： A·B = |A|*|B|*cosθinner_productComputes the sum of the element-wise product 乘积 of two ranges and adds it to a specified initial value or computes the result of a generalized procedure where the sum and product