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Describing Data:Numerical Measures Chapter 3 Numerical Descriptive Measures Measures of Location Arithmetic Mean Weighted Mean Median Mode Geometric Mean Measures of Dispersion Range Mean Deviation Variance Standard Deviation Population Mean For ungrouped data, the population mean is the sum of all the population values divided by the total number of population values: PARAMETER Any measurable characteristic of a population is called a parameter. The mean of a population is a parameter. EXAMPLE – Population Mean Sample Mean For ungrouped data, the sample mean is the sum of all the sample values divided by the number of sample values: STATISTIC The mean of a sample, or any other measure based on sample data, is called a statistic. If the mean outside diameter of a sample of ?ve ball bearings is 0.625 inches, this is an example of a statistic. EXAMPLE – Sample Mean Properties of the Arithmetic Mean Every set of interval-level and ratio-level data has a mean. All the values are included in computing the mean. The mean is unique. The sum of the deviations of each value from the mean is zero. Mean’s weakness the mean uses the value of every item in a sample, or population, in its computation. If one or two of these values are either extremely large or extremely small compared to the majority of data, the mean might not be an appropriate average to represent the data. Self-Review 3–1 1. The annual incomes of a sample of middle-management employees at Westinghouse are: $62,900, $69,100, $58,300, and $76,800. (a) Give the formula for the sample mean. (b) Find the sample mean. (c) Is the mean you computed in (b) a statistic or a parameter? Why? (d) What is your best estimate of the population mean? Self-Review 3–1(cont.) 2. All the students in advanced Computer Science 411 are a population. Their course grades are 92, 96, 61, 86, 79, and 84. (a) Give the formula for the population mean. (b) Compute the mean course grade. (c) Is the mean you comp