城空间结构的经济绩效研究-中国现代城研究中心-华东师范大学.PDFVIP

第六辑 中国城市研究 100-114 城市空间结构的经济绩效研究 ——集中分散的视角 蔡寅寅 孙斌栋 Urban Spatial Structure and Economic Performance ——from Perspective of Centralization and decentralization Cai Yinyin Sun Bindong （Center for Modern Chinese City Studies ，East China Normal University，Shanghai 200062， China ） Abstract The theory about the relationship between agglomeration and economic growth was first proposed by Marshall. And it was largely accepted when Krugman advocated the new economic geography. A lot of scholars have studied the influence mechanism of agglomeration on economic growth. However the results were not the same. On the basis of previous researches, this study constructs the proxy variables that reflect the extent of centralization of both population and employments within urban construction areas, and with 260 city samples in China the relationship between urban spatial structure and economic growth is analyzed empirically. The study finds that a city structure which is relatively balanced or in other words ‘scattered’ as concerns the spatial distribution of employments has a positive effect on economic growth ，the spatial distribution of population has no significant effect on economic development, however. In addition, it also shows that traditional factors such as capital, labor and institutional factors are still very important for economic growth. Key words urban spatial structure ；centralization ；decentralization ；economic growth 摘 要 空间集聚对经济增长的影响早在马歇尔时期就已引起注意，到了克鲁格曼倡导的新 经济地理学的发展时期，更是受到了广泛关注。很多学者研究了集聚对经济增长的影响，但 得到的结果并不一致。本研究构建了反映城市内部人口和就业空间结构的指标，以2010 年 260 个地级及以上城市为样本，对中国城市市区的集聚分散与经济增长的关系进行了实证分 析。研究发现相对分散即相对均衡的就业空间分布更能促进经济的增长，而人口的空间分布 对经济绩效的影响并不显著；就业空间分布对经济绩效的影响，与城