大脑的不对称性.ppt

Hemispheric Asymmetry Sexual Differences Cerebral Dominance Cerebral dominance vs. hand preference Dominant hemisphere in aphasic patients Right hander: more than 90％ with left lesion Left hander: more than 60％ with left lesion Family history of left handedness With family history: left = right lesions No family history: almost always left lesion Transient aphasia following unilateral ECT Left hander: 70% left hemisphere Wada Test The Wada Technique The Wada Technique (Milner, 1974) Morphological Asymmetry Overall structures Size: Right Left hemisphere Weight: Right Left hemisphere Gray matter: Left Right hemisphere Anterior extension: Right Left hemisphere Posterior extension: Left Right hemisphere Morphological Asymmetry Frontal Lobes Frontal operculum (Broca’s area) Surface: Right Left hemisphere Underneath the sulci: Left Right hemisphere Morphological Asymmetry Temporal Lobes Planum temporale: Left Right hemisphere Heschl’s gyrus: Right Left hemisphere Lateral fissure: Slope is deeper for right hemisphere Temporal-parietal cortex: Right Left hemisphere Morphological Asymmetry Thalamus The lateral posterior nucleus: Left Right hemisphere Medial geniculate nucleus: Right Left hemisphere Ventricular system Occipital horns of the lateral ventricles: Right Left hemisphere Asymmetry of Language Function Language expression and comprehension: Left hemisphere Extra-linguistic aspects of language: Right hemisphere Crossed aphasia Intonation in language Emotional process Detection of language themes Asymmetry of Visual Perception Tachistoscopic procedure Verbal materials – Right visual field-left hemisphere dominant Non-verbal materials – Left visual field-right hemisphere dominant Lesion studies Discrimination of size and shape: RH = LH Figure-ground discrimination: More with right hemisphere lesions when aphasic patient is excluded Pattern recognition Nonsense syllabus: Left hemisphere Unfamiliar patterns: Right hemisphere Facial Recognition: Right