斜框改进.docVIP

歼5飞机垂尾的主梁很强，蒙皮较薄，梁橼条截面积与长桁截面积相差较大，且梁高度较大，弯曲刚度,故梁的弯曲刚度比由蒙皮，长桁，橼条组成的壁板弯曲刚度大得多，在传递总体弯矩时，按照刚度分配原则将由梁通过橼条受轴向力的形式承受大部分弯矩。梁与机身固接，在接头处沿梁轴线方向布置一斜加强框，当弯矩传到垂尾根部时，通过固接接头弯矩传给了斜加强框 。 由于总体力大部分传给了梁，梁受力大，与梁相连的斜框承受了梁传来的弯矩，因此斜框需要加强，斜框与机身框，机身长桁铰接，斜框上的弯矩要通过机身蒙皮传给机身框和长桁，此斜框可看做是机身的附加部分，且当斜框上的力给机身框和长桁传递时，相身上相关部分需要加强，这些都不可避免的增加了飞机的重量，我们考虑采用以下方法对歼5垂尾进行改进： 垂尾根部有大开口，开口截断了长桁，且使蒙皮不连续，会使开口区所在垂尾截面的扭转刚度，弯曲刚度大大降低，为了使开口对传力的影响减到最小，歼5垂尾采用了单梁式结构，且梁承受大部分的总体力。我们把开口减小后，被截断的长桁数量减少，长桁、蒙皮传力受开口区的影响小，相应的把长桁，蒙皮加强，且适当增加长桁数量，把垂尾由单梁式变为单块式，从而壁板可承受正应力，集中在梁处的弯矩可由梁前部的壁板承受一部分，从而对梁进行了卸载，机身上的斜框及有关加强件可去掉，这会减轻飞机重量，使飞机性能有所提高。 在垂尾根部弯矩大，长桁，橼条中的轴力大， 因此在垂尾根部长桁加强 垂尾由单梁式变为单块式后， 壁板受轴向力，蒙皮开口后开口区所在盒段不再封闭，不能承受总体力，因此把离开口最近的翼肋变成加强肋 因总体力叠加在垂尾根部翼肋受载大，因此，根部翼肋都要加强。 introduction Cornell’s Ithaca campus awes visitors with its unique natural surroundings and atmosphere,including gorges,creeks,plantations,and quadrangles.Quadrangles are well-known for having inadequate walkways for students running to class across campus. As a result,”unofficial walkways”appear,worn into the grass. The administration decided to completely redesign the Arts Quad walkways,and we are asked to help with the master plan using a mathematcal model.In the process of establishing our model the following criteria should be considered: The general fact that it is preferable to minimize the total length of all walkways and maximize the areas of contiguous lawns; Pedestrian traffic and behavior; Path maintenance costs; Landscaping-maintenance costs; The creation of unofficial walkways and their impact on the lawn; The general appeal of the qua; To implement these criteria in our model we are provided with the following principle: The maintence costs of walkways is proportional to their total length(e.g.,paving,snow-cleaning in the winter); The landscaping-maintence cost depends on the number of contiguous lawns,their geometry,and on the total area of “unoffical walkways”(where the grass has to be periodically re-seeded); A pedestrian will leave the path and cut across the