脑卒中流行病学调查相关文献复习精选.pdf

中国临床神经科学 2014 年第 22 卷第6 期 Chin J Clin Neurosci 2014, 22 (6), 699~703 ·699· 论著报道 张　薇，范宇威，高　静，张黎明 (哈尔滨医科大学附属第一临床医院神经内科 150001) 关键词　脑卒中；流行病学；调查 摘要 脑卒中作为一个全球性的健康问题，是影响伤残调整寿命年第3 位的原因。脑卒中造成的死亡和残疾为发展中 国家带来了沉重的经济负担。中国作为拥有世界上最多人口的发展中国家，在经历经济迅猛发展的同时，老年人口 的数量也在不断增加。流行病学研究显示, 脑卒中的发病率随着年龄的增加而增长，脑卒中的病死率从 1990 至2000 年以来逐渐增加，从21 世纪初开始逐渐下降，这可能与有效控制脑血管病相关危险因素和急性脑卒中的早期预防密 切相关。中国是一个地理环境差异明显的国家，中国人的生活方式在过去的30 年中也发生了巨大变化，地理差异和 血管危险因素的不断变化决定了中国脑卒中的患病率和亚型。文中就中国脑卒中的决定因素以及潜在方向进行讨论。 Stroke Epidemiological Investigation with Literature Review ZHANG Wei, FAN Yu-wei, GAO Jing, ZHANG Li-ming Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China KEY WORDS stroke; epidemiology; investigation ABSTRACT　Stroke, a global health problem, is ranked the third as a cause of disability-adjusted life- years (DALYs) according to the study of global burden of disease 2010 (GBD 2010). Stroke-related death and disability caused a heavy economic burden and social spending for developing countries. China is a developing country with the largest population in the world. And the number of elderly population is also increasing rapidly. Epidemiological studies have shown that the incidence of stroke increased with age, stroke mortality gradually increased from 1990 to early 2000, and began to decline from early 21st century because of cerebrovascular disease risk factors being effectively controlled and early prevention of acute stroke. China is a large country with substantial geographic disparities, and Chinese peoples life styles in the past three decades have undergone tremendous changes. Geographic differences and changing vascular risk factors have determined the Chinese stroke prevalence and subtypes. This paper discussed the determinants and the potent