实验动物的微生物控制.ppt

第三章 Content Standardization of Laboratory Animal 第三章实验动物的微生物控制 第一节 微生物对实验动物的影响 第二节 常见实验动物微生物和寄生虫 疾病介绍 第三节 微生物控制分类 第四节??实验动物微生物控制方式 第五节??实验动物微生物、寄生虫质量 监测 第三章实验动物的微生物控制 第一节 微生物对实验动物的影响 第二节 常见实验动物微生物和寄生虫疾病介绍 第三节 微生物控制分类 第四节??实验动物微生物控制方式 第五节?? 实验动物微生物、寄生虫质量监测 第一节 微生物对实验动物的影响 有害：通过感染或传染影响动物机体健康； 有利：通过寄生、共生，提高动物对环境的适应力和免疫力； 无利也无害：不会致病，不影响动物身体健康。 有利也有害。 Why to control microbiological quality ？ Animal can be affected by several groups of microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, mycoplasma and parasites, can be cause high morbidity and mortality. Interference with results of experiments. Most viral, bacterial and parasitic contaminations don’t lead to overt clinical symptom, but to latent infection. Those latent infections can have a considerable impact upon the outcome of animal experiments. Zoonosis. Some of the microorganisms which may be present in animals can also affect human, cause disease in human, such as HIV, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Aphthae Epizootic, Bird Flu. Quality of biological products. The risk of zoonotic infections has led to quality requirements for products that are made with the use lab animals, such as vaccines. 控制微生物的意义 预防隐性感染和潜伏感染； 防止人畜共患病； 避免对实验结果的影响; 生产标准实验动物。 Sources and paths of contamination Lab animals can been contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms from several sources and through different paths. The most important sources of contamination are of the other animals, biological materials, equipment, staff. Animals Experimental units usually contain various animal species and strains, originating from various sources. Contaminated animals are an important source of undesired microorganisms. Personnel The importance of research staff and animal care staff to the microbiological integrity of an animal unit should not be underestimated. Personnel may act as effective carriers of infections from contaminated to non-contaminated area. Microorganisms may be ca