分子生物学导论（英汉对照） 全套课件.pptx

Textbook;Teaching Activity;;Introduction / 引 言;1. What is molecular biology?;If the cell does not grow, …;The cell grows before it divides;Proteins are the key player;Nucleic acids: the information carrier;The central dogma;Molecular biology studies …;2. What should we learn?;;The guiding principles / 指导原则;;;;;A wonderful molecular world !;Chapter 1 Amino Acids to Proteins;Chapter 1 Amino Acids to Proteins;1.1 Protein Composition / 蛋白质的组成;9;Structures of hydrophobic amino acids;Structures of the hydrophilic amino acids;Structures of the 20 common amino acids;The formation of a peptide bond;;Rigid and flexible bonds;N-terminus and C-terminus / N-末端和C-末端;1.2 Protein Conformations / 1.2 蛋白质的构象;1.2.1 Describing Protein Structure;α helix / α螺旋;β sheet / β折叠;Parallel and antiparallel β sheets;Tertiary structure / 三级结构;Quaternary structure / 四级结构;Physical interactions involved in protein folding 1) Covalent bonding 2) Hydrogen bonding 3) Ionic bonding 4) Van der Waals forces 5) Hydrophobic interaction;1) Covalent bond / 共价键;Covalent bond / 共价键;Covalent bond / 共价键;2) Hydrogen bond / 氢键;Partial charges vs. Full charges;Hydrogen bond / 氢键;3) Ionic bond / 离子键;;;4) Van der Waals forces / 范德华力;Van der Waals forces vs. Ionic bond;Van der Waals forces vs. hydrogen bond;5) Hydrophobic interaction;Nonpolar molecules are forced together;Hydrophobic interaction / 疏水相互作用;1.3 Protein Structure and Function;Actin / 肌动蛋白;Kinesin / 驱动蛋白;1.4 The Dynamics of Proteins;Induced-fit vs. lock-and-key models;ATP synthetase / ATP合成酶;;Allosteric regulation / 别构调节;;lac repressor / lac阻遏蛋白;1.5 Experiments / 1.5 实验研究;Nucleic acids: the information carrier;Chapter 2 Nucleic acids;2.1 Properties of a Genetic Material;It must be able to hold information for how to make proteins 1．它必须能够保持如何生产蛋白质的信息;It must be stable / 2．它必须是稳定的;It must be stable / 它必须是稳定的;;;;;2.2.1 Nucleotides / 2.2.1 核苷酸;1) Nitrogenous base / 含氮碱基;2) Sugar / 糖;;;;P