Unit4： Gene Expression 基因表达.pptx

Control of Gene ExpressionEukaryotic cellAnimation: /microbio/chime/pe_beta/pe/atlas/morphs/lacrep/lac_dna1.htmChime http://youtu.be/kBwLkwAXDJMYouTube Version /Studio/2GeneticsAndMedicine/5/2In/LacRepressor.aviWindows media (get /Studio/0Admin/0/3Post/administrationPluginInstructions.htmlplugin)Gene Expression: The process by which information flows from DNA to RNA to protein or genotype to phenotype.E. coli as model organism to understand prokaryotic gene expression. Features of prokaryotic transcriptional regulation Ability to change metabolic activities in response to the environment.?Capability to induce/repress entire enzyme pathways- genome organization.?Examples of regulated gene networks: lac operon, trp operon How does transcription work?/a/index.html/a/index.htmlCode, copying the code, putting it together, transcription videoAttendance exerciseLook at the following diagram and explain what the result would be if RNA polymerase copied both strands of the DNA molecule? Remember you are transcribing a gene in this example. Post your answer to the Bulletin Board.Lac operon: Proteins interacting with DNA turn prokaryotic genes on off. First regulation discovered by Fran?ois Jacob and Jacques Monod in 1961? Lactose is a disaccharide that can be broken down into two monosaccharides used in glycolytic pathwayLactose is not always present in the diet.If present, three enzymes are needed to convert it to a useful metaboliteThe genes for the enzymes are physically linked on the genomeRegulate transcription based upon presence or absence of lactose.Microbes are efficient!!Lactose operon is not transcribed in the absence of lactose.3 enzymes located together on the chromosome and regulated as single unit. β-galatosidase-lacZ galactose permease-lacY thiogalatoside transacetylase-LacA Regulatory regions precede the genes encoding the enzymes Lac operon: alternative states depending upon presence or absence of lactose. Model of induction.?Lactose present– ope