钻井作业硫化氢防护(培训教材).doc

硫化氢防护培训教材 钻井作业 硫化氢防护 李强 高碧桦 杨开雄 王勇 编 内 容 提 要 为增强钻井作业人员的硫化氢防护知识，提高其防护能力和作业的安全性，特编写本教材。内容包括硫化氢的来源、硫化氢的理化性质及对人体的危害、钻井工程硫化氢腐蚀与防腐、钻井作业的安全措施、硫化氢中毒的早期抢救与护理、硫化氢监测仪器与防护器具，以及钻井作业的有关硫化氢防护标准。 本教材可供含硫化氢油气井钻井作业人员培训使用。 本教材编写中参考了重庆石油高等专科学校、中原石油勘探局钻井井控培训中心和大港油田钻井培训中心所编有关硫化氢防护资料，并得到伍贤柱、韩烈祥、曾时田等专家的支持和亲自修改，在此一并表示感谢！ 目 录 前言·································································· 第一章 硫化氢的来源及浓度概念········································ 第一节 硫化氢的来源·············································· 第二节 硫化氢浓度概念············································ 第二章 硫化氢的理化性质及对人体的危害································ 第一节 硫化氢的物理化学性质······································ 第二节 硫化氢对人体的危害········································ 第三章 硫化氢腐蚀··················································· 第一节 金属的电化学失重腐蚀····································· 第二节 金属的氢脆和硫化氢应力腐蚀开裂··························· 第三节 影响硫化氢腐蚀的主要因素································· 第四节 对非金属材料和钻井液的影响······························· 第四章 钻井工程防硫化氢腐蚀措施····································· 第一节 材料的选用··············································· 第二节 涂层保护················································· 第三节 提高钻井液防腐性能······································· 第五章 含硫油气井钻井作业的安全措施································· 第一节 井场及钻井设备的布置····································· 第二节 地质及工程设计的要求····································· 第三节 井用管材材质及井控设备安装······························· 第四节 硫化氢的监测及人身安全防护······························· 第五节 硫化氢防护演习··········································· 第六节 钻井安全作业············································· 第七节 应急预案的制定及实施····································· 第六章 硫化氢中毒的早期抢救与护理···································· 第一节 硫化氢中毒的早期救护······································ 第二节 心肺复苏·················································· 第七章 硫化氢监测仪器与防护器具·····································