论我国相对刑事责任年龄的完善本科.docVIP

本科毕业论文 论我国相对刑事责任年龄的完善 摘 要 未成年人及其刑事责任是刑法领域的一个十分重要的命题。我国现行刑法中关于未成年人刑事责任年龄一直沿用1979年刑法的规定，即采用四分法将刑事责任年龄分为四阶段，包括完全无刑事责任年龄、相对负刑事责任年龄、完全负刑事责任年龄和减轻刑事责任年龄，并规定了十四岁为未刑事责任年龄的起始点，也即不满十四岁的未成年人依法不承担刑事责任。当年的立法愿景是建立在当时未成年人生理、心理发育程度较低，速度较慢的基础上的，而且当时社会开放程度较低，诱发未成年人犯罪的各种因素也较少，未成年人对自己行为的认知能力不足。自从改革开放以来，社会变革巨大，引发未成年人犯罪的各种因素与日俱增，未成年人犯罪的低龄化、危害性与严重性已到了不容轻视的程度，当时建立起的刑事责任年龄制度正经受着严峻的挑战，当初的立法愿景已不符合社会发展现况对保障社会安全的要求。有鉴于此，本文作者认为降低刑事责任年龄有理论与现实方面的意义。 关键词 四分法 相对刑事责任年龄 前科消灭制度 少年司法  On the Perfection of the relative age of criminal responsibility Abstract Minors and its criminal responsibility is a very important proposition in the field of criminal law. In our current criminal law about criminal responsibility age minors has been used in 1979 the provisions of the criminal law, the criminal responsibility age by four points method divided into four stages, including no criminal responsibility age, relative to bear criminal responsibility age, completely bear criminal responsibility age and reduce criminal responsibility age, and specifies not the starting point for the criminal responsibility age 14, or minors under the age of fourteen not bear criminal responsibility in accordance with law. Vision of legislation is based on the minors physical, psychological development degree is low, on the basis of slower, and the social open degree is low, factors which induce minor crime less, lack of cognitive ability of behavior in the minors. Since reform and opening up, the great social transformation, the factors that cause minor crime, early onset of minor crime, harm and the degree of severity has to take lightly, then establish the criminal responsibility age system is experiencing severe challenges, the vision of the original legislation has not accord with the requirement of social development status of social security. Because of this, the author think that reduce the criminal responsibility age has theoretical and practical significance. Keyword Quadruplicity The relative age of