WECCRASDesignGuide(精品）.docVIP

REMEDIAL ACTION SCHEME DESIGN GUIDE prepared by the Relay Work Group Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ii INTRODUCTION 1 PROBLEM RECOGNITION and DEFINITION 2 PHILOSOPHY and GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA 5 Logic 5 Hardware 5 Arming 5 Detection and Initiating Devices 6 Logic Processing 8 Communications Channels 9 Transfer Trip Equipment 9 Operating and Test Switches 9 REDUNDANCY 10 Minimum Requirements 10 Breaker Failure 11 Communication Circuits 12 MONITORING and ALARMS 12 COORDINATION with PROTECTION, OTHER RAS, and CONTROL SYSTEMS Coordination with Equipment Protection 13 Equipment Protection 13 Multiple Applications in a Single Device 13 Other Remedial Action Schemes 14 Energy Management Systems 15 OPERATIONS and TEST PROCEDURES 15 WECC REVIEW 15 REFERENCES 16  REMEDIAL ACTION SCHEME DESIGN GUIDE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Remedial action schemes (RAS), also known as special protection systems (SPS), have become more widely used in recent years to provide protection for power systems against problems not directly involving specific equipment fault protection. SPS and RAS are often used interchangeably, but WECC generally and this document specifically uses the term RAS. As electric systems grow and economics dictate certain system design and operating philosophies, the probability increases that local or system-wide problems not solvable by equipment-specific protection systems must be addressed. Remedial action schemes are applied to solve single and credible multiple-contingency problems. These schemes have become more common primarily because they are less costly and quicker to permit and build than major transmission lines and power plants that might provide other alternatives. Major applications of RAS include increasing power transfers, adding reactive support, utilizing reactive support available elsewhere within the region, and limiting the scale of cascading outages to ensure that bulk transmission system performance