广东肇庆地区药材金线莲种质资源调查与生态生物学特性研究.pdf

热带亚热带植物学报 2016, 24(4): 381 ~ 388 Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany 广东肇庆地区药材金线莲种质资源调查与生态生 物学特性研究 * 胡晓东，林少俊，邵玲 ，梁广坚，梁廉，靳扣扣，李燕纯，林琳 (肇庆学院生命科学学院，广东 肇庆 526061) 摘要：为了解粤中药材金线莲[Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl.]种质资源的分布情况，对肇庆地区金线莲的生态生物学 特性进行了研究。结果表明，肇庆地区金线莲属植物有金线莲和银线兰两近缘种，均处于濒危状态，通常以红叶株型金线莲 入药。金线莲为典型的浅根性和中阴性地生兰，种群的适生坡度45°，郁闭度为60%~80%，常见于西南方位常绿阔叶林下， 适生温度为12℃~26 ℃，空气湿度、群落植被结构和土壤腐殖质成分等共同影响自然种群的生长。同时对药材金线莲的濒危 原因进行了分析，并提出保护对策。 关键词：金线莲；种质资源；生态生物学；保护对策；肇庆地区 doi: 10.11926/j.issn.1005-3395.2016.04.004 Germplasm Investigation and Ecological Biology Characteristics of Medicinal Herb Anoect ochilus roxburghii in Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, China * HU Xiao-dong, LIN Shao-jun, SHAO Ling , LIANG Guang-jian, LIANG Lian, JIN Kou-kou, LI Yan-chun, LIN Lin (College of Life Sciences, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, Guangdong, China) Abstract: To understand the distribution of medicinal herb Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl. in central Guangdong, the ecological-biological characteristics of A. roxburghii in Zhaoqing area were studied. The results showed that there were two wild relatives of Anoectochilus distributed in Zhaoqing, A . roxburghii and A . formosanus , which were rare and endangered, usually A . roxburghii with red leaves as medicine. Anoectochilus roxburghii is typical shallow-root and mid-shade terrestial orchid, growing under southwestern evergreen broad-leaved forest at suitable slope45°and canopy density of 60%-80%, with suitable temperature of 12℃- 26 ℃. The development of A . roxburghii population was affected by ecological factors together, such as air humidity, community structure and soil humus composition. The endangered reasons of medic