Chapter 8 Microbial genetics 微生物学 教学课件 英文版.pptVIP

simple systems studying genetic phenomena useful tools decipher the genetics mechanisms molecular cloning isolate and duplicate specific genes from other organisms genes are manipulated and placed in a microorganism where they can be induced to increase in numbers Mutation Selectable Nonselectable Spontaneous Induced 3. This discovery became the keystone of molecular biology and modern genetics. 4. A number of prokaryotes have been found to be naturally transformable, including certain species of both gram-negative and gram-positive Bacteria and some species of Archaea. Clones containing the transposon can then be selected by the isolation of antibiotic-resistant colonies. If the antibiotic-resistant clones are selected on rich medium on which all auxotrophs can grow, they can be subsequently screened on minimal medium supplemente with various growth factors to determine if a growth factor is required. Review question Write a one-sentence definition of the term genotype. Do the same for the term phenotype. Does the phenotype of an organism automatically change when a change in genotype occurs? Why or why not? Can phenotype change without a change in genotype? In both cases, give some examples to support your answer. 2. What is site-specific mutagenesis? How can this procedure target specific genes for mutagenesis? 3. How does homologous recombination differ from site-specific recombination? 4. Why is it difficult in a single experiment using transformation to transfer a large number of genes to a cell? 5. List the similarities and differences between conjugation , transformation, and transduction 6. Strains of Esclterichia coli can be Hfr, F+, or F-. What are the differences between these strains and how would they behave in a mating experiment? Generalized Transduction Bacteria is infected with a phage During a lytic infection, the enzymes is responsible for packaging viral DNA into the bacteriophage 3) On lysis of the cell, these