Lecture 4 Addition and omission 汉英翻译 教学课件.ppt

Addition and Omission;Addition and Omission;As for English and Chinese, they are two very different languages and each has its own historical and cultural backgrounds. So, many words, proverbs and idioms that are well understood in one language can hardly make sense to people using the other language. In this sense, a translator cannot always stick to the original pattern. He has to make use of addition and omission from time to time. But the translator should remember that addition is only done when it is necessary. For example, the translation of the word “wash”:;;;;2) Addition of nouns 增译名词 First you borrow, then you beg. 头一次你借钱，下一次就要讨饭了。 I could knit when I was seven. 我七岁时就会织毛衣。 When translating certain abstract nouns derived from verbs or adjectives, nouns have to be added: prepare ? preparation 准备 (准备工作) backward ? backwardness 落后的 (落后状态);; 这个班正在以多么高的热情学习翻译课啊！ What a girl! 5）Addition of quantity words 增译量词 A red sun rose slowly from the calm sea. 一轮红日从平静的海面冉冉升起。 Michael gave her a cold look. 迈克尔冷冷地看了她一眼。 The mountains began to throw their long blue shadows over the valley. 群山开始向山谷投下一道道蓝色长影。;;;;8) Addition of words denoting time or tense 增译表达时间和时态的词 The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him. 原来那位老人已教会了孩子捕鱼，所以孩子很爱他。 I was, and remains, grateful for her. 我过去和现在都很感激她。 （我过去感激她，现在依然感激她。）;;;Exercise;II. Omission;;;;b.省略作宾语的代词 作宾语的代词，无论是否提到，汉译时可以不译。 She laid her hand on his arm as if to thank him for it. 她把手放在他的胳膊上，好像表示感谢。 If you have read these stories, tell them in your own words. 如果你读过这些故事，就用自己的话讲出来。 c. Omission of possessive pronouns 省略物主代词 This is a very common practice in English-Chinese translation.; He shrugged his shoulders, shook his head, cast up his eyes, but said nothing. 他耸耸肩，摇摇头， 两眼看天，一句话没说。 　Her dark hair waved untidy across her broad forehead, her face was short, her upper lip short, showing a glint of teeth, her brows were straight and dark, her lashes long, her