Lecture08-WindowToViewportTransforms 计算机图形学ppt课件.ppt

CS 455 – Computer Graphics Window to Viewport Transformations Compositing Transformations Does order matter? Case 1: translate by (–2, 0), scale by (2, 2) Case 2: scale by (2, 2), translate by (-2, 0) Begin: red, 1st transform: purple, 2nd: green Y X 1,1 3,1 2,3 Y X 1,1 3,1 2,3 Case 1(translate then scale) Case 2 (scale then translate) -1,1 0,3 -1,1 0,6 -2,2 2,2 2,2 6,2 4,6 0,2 4,2 2,6 Composition Example Scale(2.0,2.0); Translate(-2.0,0.0); drawTriangle(); Translate(-2.0, 0.0); Scale(2.0,2.0); drawTriangle(); In general, transformations are not commutative Need to transform points from “world” view (window) to the screen view (viewport) Maintain relative placement of points (usually) Can be done with a translate-scale-translate sequence Window-to-Viewport Transform x y -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 u v 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 Window (“world”) Viewport (screen) “Window” refers to the area in “world space” or “world coordinates” that you wish to project onto the screen Location, units, size, etc. are all determined by the application, and are convenient for that application Units could be inches, feet, meters, kilometers, light years, etc. The window is often centered around the origin, but need not be Specified as (x,y) coordinates Window x y -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 Window (“world”) (xmin, ymin) (xmax, ymax) The area on the screen that you will map the window to Specified in “screen coordinates” - (u,v) coordinates The viewport can take up the entire screen, or just a portion of it Viewport u v 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 Viewport (screen) (umin, vmin) (umax, vmax) You can have multiple viewports They can contain the same view of a window, different views of the same window, or different views of different windows Viewport (cont) u v 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 Viewport (screen) The window-to-viewport transform is: 1. Translate lower-left corner of window to origin 2. Scale width and