Lesson 21 Material Selection 机械专业专业英语教学用书.pptVIP

Lesson 21 Material Selection During recent years the selection of engineering materials has assumed great importance (显得非常重要）. Moreover, the process should be one of continual reevaluation. New mater1als often become availab1e and there may be a decreasing availability of others. Concerns regarding environmental pollution, recycling and worker health and safety often impose new constraints. The desire for weight reduction or energy savings may dictate the use of different materials. Pressures from domestic and foreign competition, increased serviceability requirements, and customer feedback may all promote materials reevaluation…… Lesson 21 Material Selection ……The extent of product liability actions（责任诉讼）, often the result of improper material use, has had a marked impact. In addition, the interdependence between materials and their processing has become better recognized. The development of new processes often forces reevaluation of the materials being processed. Therefore, it is imperative that design and manufacturing engineers exercise considerable care in selecting, specifying, and utilizing materials if they are to achieve satisfactory results at reasonable cost and still assure quality. Lesson 21 Material Selection The first step in the manufacture of any product is design, which usually takes place in several distinct stages: (a) conceptual; (b) functional（功能设计）; (c) production design. During the conceptual-design stage, the designer is concerned primarily with the functions the product is to fulfill (履行、满足). Usually several concepts are visualized（设想）and considered, and a decision is made either that the idea is not practical or that the idea is sound （合理的）and one or more of the conceptual designs should be developed further. …… Lesson 21 Material Selection ……Here, the only concern for materials is that materials exist that can provide the desired properties. If no such materials are available, consideration is given as to whether there is a reasonable p