PARTS OF SPEECH 英语写作 课件.ppt

2 PARTS OF SPEECH 2.1 The Word Noun Means Name 2.2 Noun Have Number 2.3 Personal Pronouns Have Person, Number, Gender, and Case 2.4 There Are Eight Kinds of Pronouns 2.5 Most Pronouns Have Antecedents 2.6 Verbs Have Tense 2.7 Verbs Have Four Principal Parts 2.8 Verbs Also Have Voice and Mood 2.9 There Are Three Kinds of Predicate Complement 2.1 The Word Noun Means Name Common nouns apply to all of a kind, such as ocean, city, and man; and they begin with small letters. 2.2 Noun Have Number A noun may be singular number, which means one, or it may be plural, which means more than one. Rules for forming the plural nouns If the letter of the noun just before the y is a vowel, add s to make the noun plural. If the letter just before the final o of a noun is a vowel, add s to make the plural. Some exceptions The inconsistency of rules is shown in the plurals of nouns ending in f or fe. Some become plural by changing the f to v and adding s or es. Other words ending in f or fe, however, become plural merely by adding s. Also note that the plural of nouns ending in ff is formed by adding s. Some nouns are spelled the same in both singular and plural form. The plural of a compound noun is formed by making the principal word plural. Some words from Latin and Greek keep their original spelling in the plural. The plural of some words from foreign languages, however, are correct with either English or foreign spelling 2.3 Personal Pronouns Have Person, Number, Gender, and Case. The pronoun is a word that stand for a noun, that takes the place of a noun. PRONOUNS Person. The pronouns in the box, except for those on the bottom line, are called personal pronouns because they have person. Person refers to whether you are speaking of yourself (first person) or of another person or persons(second or third person). Gender. Some of the personal pronouns have gender, which means that they are masculine, feminine, or neuter. 2.4 There Are Eight Kinds of Pronouns. Relative pronouns are to