Lecture_9_翻译技巧与实践之八 省略与合译.ppt

翻译技巧与实践之八 省略与合译 省略（Omission） 省略的内容： 目标语中显得累赘、罗嗦甚至可有可无的词语。如只具备语法功能的一些虚词：冠词、连词、介词和部分代词。 省略法又叫减词法 省略的原则： 不破坏或删改原意 省略的类型 代词的省略 连词的省略 冠词的省略 介词的省略 修辞性省略 合译（Combination） 合译法： 在不影响原意的前提下，把并列句或主从复合据压缩成简单句。 合译其实也是修辞性省略的一种。 合译的种类 并列句的合译 定语从句的合译 其他从句的合译 合词与缩句 小结 省略法的前提（原则） 合译法不适宜翻译结构、内容比较复杂的的英语主从复合句。 代词的省略 省略人称代词 代词的省略 省略非人称代词和不定代词 代词的省略 省略关系代词 连词的省略 省略并列连词 连词的省略 省略从属连词 冠词的省略 省略定冠词 省略不定冠词 泛指和单数意义，往往无需保留 介词的省略 时间或地点状语 省略：置于汉语句首；变成动词宾语 修辞性省略 对象： 依据： 目的： 并列句的合译 例1 The documents involved in counter-purchase agreements are far more complicated than normal commercial deal, where money changed hands and that is that. 回购协议所涉及的文件比任何正常商业交易要复杂得多，后者只是钱一转手就完事了。 例2 Her dress was grey and plain, but it fitted her body nicely。 她一身素装简单而合身。 定语从句的合译 限定性或修饰性很强的定语从句 非限定性定语从句 缩成词组、短语 变成句子的主要成分 其他从句的合译 名词性从句 状语从句 合词与缩 句 合词 fair and square 公平 hard and fast 严格 dead and gone 的确死了 forgive and forget 宽容 wise and clever 非常聪明 silly and foolish 愚笨 shake and tremble 不停发抖 man of culture and learning 很有学问的人 goals and aims 目的 aches and pains 百般疼痛 ways and means 方法 right and proper 完全正确 cozy and comfortable 非常舒适 really and truly 千真万确 surprised and taken aback 着实吃惊 缩句 例1 It was April 1945. The Second World War was coming to an end. 1945年4月，第二次世界大战已接近尾声。（缩为状语） 例2 She went back home to take care of her husband. He was seriously ill. 她回家去照料病重的丈夫。（缩为定语） 例3 They sat down in the waiting-room to do some reading. People came to and fro there. 他们在人来人往的候车室里坐下来看点书。（缩为定语） 例4 Her father became the mayor of the city. He was a murderer in the Second World War. 他的父亲，二次大战中的一个杀人凶手，竟当上了这个城市的市长。（缩为同位语） Assignments 1、This is the scientist who just returned from the North Pole. 2、 He expressed the hope that he could visit our city again. 3、They had ground him beneath their heels；they had taken the best of him；they had murdered his father；they had broken and wrecked his wife；they