lecture_8 美国文学史课件.ppt

Literature of Ethnic Minorities Black American Literature I Why African American literature considered separately? 1. bitter experience 2. different tradition 3. different myth II. Literary development: 1. Oral tradition: songs, ballads, spirituals 2. literature in written form: 18th century (1760s) A． Poetry in late 18th century : Lucy Terry Jupiter Hammon Most poems are religious B. Slave Narrative: late 18th century 19th century 3 19th century writers: Frederick Douglass Booker T. Washington W.E.B. DuBois C. Novels: Jean Toomer Cane (1923) 3. Harlem Renaissance: catch the wide attention of the white readers by truthful openly, shockingly describing life of black people as they knew it to be from their own experience 4. 1940s: Richard Wright 5. 1950s 1960s: Ralph Ellison Hughs, Wright and Ellison were produced by the Civil Rights Movement and Black Literature Movements. Their works served as propaganda to educate whites about the conditions which blacks were struggling to change, and as expressions of different points of view. James Baldwin (complete integration of black and white society) Gwendolyn Books Malcolm X: (pride in their race, strict discipline, LeRoi Jones (revolution) 6. 1970s 1980s: Alex Haley: Roots Toni Morrison Alice Walker Ralph Ellison (1914-1994) I. life II. Works : Invisible Man (1952) (7 years to finish) : considered one of the best post-war novels written by any American III. Theme: surface : the black’s search for identity (534) Novel about existentialist crisis IV. Style: symbolism Flexible and swift All resources of the languages V. Writer and Black: Ellison developed racial themes, but he rejected protest fictions becau