三轴式变速器设计.docVIP

摘 要 变速器用于转变发动机曲轴的转矩及转速以适应汽车在起步、加速、行驶以及克服各种道路障碍等不同行驶条件下对驱动车轮牵引力及车速的不同要求的需要。 传动装置除要提高传动效率以外，更重要的是以自身的调节使动力装置沿最佳燃油经济性工作。档位越多，越能提供可能迫近最佳工作线路的客观条件，故有级式变速器向多档化，自动化方向发展。 本次设计的变速器为采用三轴式结构带有同步器装置并具有超速档的五档货车变速器，这样可提高发动机的功率利用率、汽车的经济性及平均车速，从而进一步提高汽车的运输效率，降低运输成本。在好路和空载行驶时才使用的超速档可充分地利用发动机功率，降低单位行驶里程的发动机曲轴总转数，而减少发动机的磨损。采用锁环式同步器换档，减小齿轮间的摩擦。 关键词：变速器 同步器 发动机 经济 Abstract The transmission is used to transform the motor bent axle torque and revise the motor vehicle rotate speed ，so to adapt to the motor vehicle to be living to move, speedup and other distinct demands when playing. And along with to over come the different obstructions, and adapt to the requirement of traction force and speed. The gearing will not only lift the drive effectiveness but also to guarantee power plant through the way of self-regulation, and this is more significant. And do along optimum to ignite oil economy. The more pigeonholes there is, the more optimized objective term of work line it will supply. So the orientation of grade transmission development is more pigeonholes and automation. The transmission in this design is a transmission of five pigeonholes’ motto which has adopted three-axes structure, the synchronizer and exceed speed pigeonholing. So that it will improve the economy of motor vehicle and the average speed of a vehicle. Then it can improve the transportation effectiveness of motto further and reduce the transportation cost. When the motto is living in the good pavement or under zero load, the hypervelocity pigeonholes will be used. Through this way we can reduce the quantity of the motor’s running per kilometer and abrasion of the motor. This design also adopts the synchronizer that is the style of lock-ring for reducing conflict among gears. Keywords: The transmission engine synchronizer economic 引　言 变速器是汽车传动系的重要组成部件，它与离合器驱动桥等部件使动力装置输出的动力达到驱动车轮，使汽车实现起步、变速、减速等功能为汽车提供良好的动力性、燃油经济性。实现汽车变速与变矩的部件是传动系的核心部件。同时也是与传动装置匹配保证汽车性能的关键部件。目前有机械传动，液力机械传动。机械式无机传动，液压传动，电传动，复合传动及储能传动等，可分为手动