2017-2018学年度高中英语 Unit 3 Celebration Section Ⅴ Grammar教学案 北师大版必修1.docVIP

Unit 3 Celebration Section Ⅴ Grammar 单元语法项目(一)——被动语态(Ⅰ) 语法图解 探究发现 ①Every year in September or October, the Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated by the Chinese people all over the world. ②On this day, the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest. ③Traditional moon cakes are usually made with bean paste. ④In one story, lanterns were lit to celebrate the power of light over darkness. ⑤In another story, a town was almost destroyed but the light from many lanterns saved it. ⑥He was fooled when he saw thousands of lanterns. ⑦In the past, lanterns were usually lit by candles and decorated with pictures of birds, animals and flowers, etc.. ⑧Nowadays, most lanterns are made with light bulbs and batteries, and they come in many shapes and sizes. ⑨Sweet dumplings are boiled and served in hot water. ⑩In the old days, dragon boat races were organised only by Chinese people. ?It is called zongzi, which is sticky rice in fresh bamboo leaves. [我的发现] (1)例句是一般现在时的被动语态。 (2)例句是一般过去时的被动语态。 一、基本知识 (一)概念 语态是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。 (二)构成 被动语态一般由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词 be 本身无词义，但有人称、数和时态的变化。 (三)用法 1．讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者(此时可省略by 短语)。 More than fifty electric bikes were stolen in our community last night. 昨晚，我们社区的五十多辆电动车被偷了。 2．借助被动的动作突出动作的受动者。 The bike was knocked down by a naughty boy. 这辆自行车被一个调皮的小男孩撞倒了。 3．为使句子更加合理、流畅。 The plan was supported by those who wished to live on the campus. 这个计划得到希望住校的人的支持。 4．习惯用法的需要。这类词常见的有born, determine, devote, seat, dress, situate等。 He was born in China in 2014. 他于2014年出生在中国。 二、形式 时态 构成形式 一般现在时 am/is/are＋done 一般过去时 was/were＋done 一般将来时 be going to/will/shall＋be done 现在进行时 am/is/are＋being done 过去进行时 was/were＋being done 现在完成时 have/has＋been done 过去完成时 had＋been done 含情态动词 情态动词＋be done The boy is often heard to play the piano upstairs. 人们常听到这个男孩在楼上弹钢琴。(一般现在时) Many famous actors and directors were seen to enter the hall. 有人看见许多著名的演员和导演进了大厅。(一般过去时) New houses will be built by us for the victims of t