从格律的角度欣赏英诗精选.pptVIP

Appreciation of poetry from the aspect of Versification Contents Ⅰ. Rhythm Ⅱ. Meter Ⅲ. Foot Ⅳ. Sound patterns Rhythm（节奏） Rhythm is produced by a series of recurrences: the repetition of day and night；The departure and return of seasons；The beat of a heart and so on Stresses alternate with unstressed syllables to form the rhythm. A poem’s rhythm is also produced by pauses. Rhythm does not have meaning, but it can help convey meaning. Rhythm Twinkle, | twinkle,| little | star, How I |wonder | what you | are. Up a|bove the | world so | high, Like a | diamond | in the | sky. (Jane Taylor: Star) Meter 格律 meter: (Gk measure) refers to the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in verse. In English verse, meter is based on stress rather than quantity. 格律类型表 1． Iamb(iambic): (抑扬格;轻重格)： an unaccented followed by an accented syllable.是最常见的一种格式，每个音步由一个非重读音节加一个重读音节构成。 As fair / art thou / my bon/nie lass,So deep / in luve / am I :And I / will luve / thee still,/ my dear,Till a` / the seas / gang dry: Robert Burns(1759-1796): My Luve Is like a Red, Red Rose注:art=are ? luve=love ? bonnie=beautiful ? a`=all ? gang=go上例中为四音步与三音步交叉，可标示为： ︶－／︶－／︶－／（︶－） 2． Trochee（trochaic）： an accented syllable followed by an unaccented syllable. （扬抑格；重轻格）每个音步由一个重读音节加一个非重读音节构成。 Tyger!/ Tyger!/ burning / bright? In the / forests / of the / night William Blake: The Tyger 上例中为四音步扬抑格（少一个轻音节），可标示为：－︶／－︶／－︶／－ 3．Anapest(Anapestic): two unaccented followed by an accented syllable. （抑抑扬格轻轻重格）: 每个音步由两个非重读音节加一个重读音节构成。 Like a child / from the womb,Like a ghost / from the tomb,I arise / and unbuild / it again. 三音步抑抑扬格︶︶－／︶︶－／︶︶－ 4． Dactyl (Dactylic foot): 扬抑抑格（重轻轻格）: 每个音步由一个重读音节加两个非重读音节构成。 ˊTouch her not / ˊscornfully,ˊThink of her / ˊmournfully.? ? ? ? ? -- Thomas Hood ? ? 两音步扬抑抑格－︶︶／－︶︶ 5． Amphibrach (Amphibrachic )（抑扬抑格、轻重轻格）：an unaccented syllable followed by an accented syllable and an unaccented syllable.抑扬抑格（轻重轻格）：每个音步由一个非重