第章外部性.pptVIP

外部性的私人解决方法 为什么私人解决方法并不总是有效 高交易成本 谈判容易破裂 利益群体人数众多 协调每个人代价高昂 ? 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use. * 外部性 外部性 一个人的行为对旁观者福利的无补偿的影响 市场失灵 负外部性 对旁观者带来了成本 正外部性 对旁观者带来了利益 ? 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on