Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors Grammar ppt课件（人教版选修8）.ppt

* 现在完成进行时 ★现在完成进行时的谓语动词构成：have / has been doing。 ★现在完成进行时表示一个从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作，这个动作有可能刚刚结束，也可能还要进行下去。 如： Where have you been? We have been looking for you everywhere. 你到哪里去了？我们一直在到处找你。 Tom has been digging in the garden. I have been helping him. 汤姆一直在花园里挖土。我一直在帮 他。 ★现在完成进行时有时表示一个动作的重复。如： He has been coughing a lot lately. He ought to give up smoking. 最近他一直咳嗽。他应当戒烟。 You have been saying that for five years. 这话你已经说了有5年了。 ★现在完成进行时常与how long, all this time, this week / month, all night, all the morning, recently等状语以及since和for所引导的状语短语或从句连用。 如： How long have you been wearing glasses? 你戴眼镜有多少年头了？ Have you been waiting long? 你等了很久吗？ What have you been doing all this time? 你一直都在干什么来着？ He has been writing letters all the morning. 他写了一上午信。 Recently John has been doing his work quite regularly. 近来约翰工作一直很有规律。 He is ill. He has been lying in the bed for three weeks. 他生病了，已卧床三周了。 I haven’t been sleeping well at all since that unfortunate accident last week. 自从上周发生了那次不幸事故之后，我 一直睡得很不好。 【辩一辩】现在完成时与现在完成进行时的主要区别： ★现在完成时表示动作已完成，而现在完成进行时却不一定如此。如： The ceiling was white. Now it is blue. She has painted the ceiling. 天棚原来是白色的，现在是蓝色的。她油漆了天棚。（动作已完成） Her clothes are covered with paint. She has been painting the ceiling. 她的衣服上尽是油漆。她一直在油漆天棚。（动作可能刚结束，也可能还在继续） ★许多静态动词通常用于现在完成时而不用于现在完成进行时。如： I have known him for years. 我已经认识他好几年了。 The strike has lasted six months. 这次罢工已持续了六个月。 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的比较: A. 未完结性 I’ve cleaned the windows. 我把窗户擦干净了。 I’ve been cleaning the windows. 我擦窗户来着。(可能窗户尚未擦完) B. 短暂性 现在完成时与现在完成进行时都可以表示延续至今的状态, 但现在完成进行时常表示短暂性。 A. They have lived in New York. B. They have been living in New York. 句A具有长期性, 而句B具有短暂性。 C. 刚完结性 与现在完成时相比, 现在完成进行时有时可以表示刚刚完结的动作。有时它是现在事件的直接原因, 或者是得出结论的证据。如: My hands are dirty. I’ve been painting the car. 我的手很脏, 我在油汽车来着。 Your eyes are red and puffy. Have you been crying? 你的眼睛又红又肿, 你是不是哭来着？ D. 连续性或重复性 现在完成进