Carbon nanotubes opportunities and challenges英文文献.pdfVIP

Surface Science 500 (2002) 218–241 /locate/susc Carbon nanotubes: opportunities and challenges Hongjie Dai * Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA Received 14 August 2000; accepted for publication 11 July 2001 Abstract Carbon nanotubes are graphene sheets rolled-up into cylinders with diameters as small as one nanometer. Extensive work carried out worldwide in recent years has revealed the intriguing electrical and mechanical properties of these novel molecular scale wires. It is now well established that carbon nanotubes are ideal model systems for studying the physics in one-dimensional solids and have significant potential as building blocks for various practical nanoscale devices. Nanotubes have been shown to be useful for miniaturized electronic, mechanical, electromechanical, chemical and scanning probe devices and materials for macroscopic composites. Progress in nanotube growth has facilitated the fundamental study and applications of nanotubes. Gaining control over challenging nanotube growth issues is critical to the future advancement of nanotube science and technology, and is being actively pursued by researchers. 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Carbon; Chemical vapor deposition; Electrical transport measurements; Quantum effects; Chemisorption 1. Introduction single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) [3]. Since then, nanotubes have captured the attention of re- A new form of carbon, buckministerfullerene