高校英语专业四级考试阅读理解与完形填空-课程中心.doc

高校英语专业四级考试·阅读理解与完形填空 Test 1 完形填空(一)   宏观上处理好篇章与空格之间的关系  完形填空的测试目的是测试学生运用语言的综合能力。完形填空的考试重点是上下文的联系 和短语结构的搭配关系。由于考试时间紧，许多考生在回答这部分题的时候，往往不 顾整个篇章的结构、大意或文体，一开始就把注意力放在空格选项上，孤立地研究单个选项 ，这就脱离了文章整体，答题的准确率也会大受影响。 因此，要做好这部分试题考生首先必须大体理解篇章的主要内容、逻辑关系，从而判断出作 者的意图及归纳或演绎的思路；另外，考生在答题之前，还要对文章的文体有所了解，这有 利于考生根据不同的文体对不同的或相近的选项做出正确的选择。如文学材料、科普文章、 新闻报道等由于文体上的不同，它们在用词和句子结构上都有所不同。请看下面例子： Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amounts in the diet for the normal growth and maintenance of life of animals, including man. They do not provide energy, ___1___ do they construc t or build any part of the body. They are needed for ___2___ foods into energy and body maint enance. There are thirteen or more of them, and if ___3___ is missing, a defi ciency disease becomes ___4___. 1. A. either B. so C. nor D. never 2. A. shifting B. transferring C. altering D. transforming  3. A. any B. some C. anything D. something  4. A. serious B. apparent C. severe D. fatal 通读全文后可知，这是一篇有关科普知识的短文，一般来说科普知识文章以客观陈 述为突出特点，用词比较正式，句子结构比较严密，因此在选择时要在宏观上考虑 到这些因素。比如第四空，从科学常识可知，缺乏任何一种维生素都不至于使疾病 严重(serious)、致命(fatal)，故应排除选项A 和D。severe（严厉的）不能用来修饰疾 病。因此，选B apparent既合乎句意，搭配又得当。 另外，完形填空的空格没有任何一个是孤立地存在的，必须把它们放在文章的 语言环境中进行逐个推敲，同时利用自己对各种材料描写、陈述内容的了解，作出正确选择。  PART Ⅰ ［15 MIN.］ Decide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the correct choice for each blank on your ANSWER SHEET. The United States is wellknown for its network of major highways de signed to help a driver get from one place to another in the shortest possible t ime. ___1___ these wide modern roads are generally ___2___ and well maintained, with___3___ sharp curves and straight sections, a direct route is not always the most ___4___ one. Large highways oft en pass ___5___ scenic areas and interesting small towns. Furthermore , these highways generally ___6___ large urban centers, which means t hat they become crowded with ___7___ traffic dur