湘大高分子专业英语Charpter 4-1PPT.ppt

* In high solvent cases the filaments are plasticized allowing greater extension of the filament and greater alignment of the polymer chains to occur at lower temperatures and lower stresses. The extra solvent is removed just prior to, during, or subsequent to stretching. Just prior to extrusion, the polymer solution is heated to just above its boiling point, increasing the likelihood for ready removal of the solvent. Dry spinning produced fibers have lower void concentrations in comparison to melt spun fibers because the presence of solvent molecules cause voids that are often “remembered” by the polymer. This is reflected by greater densities and lower dyeability for the dry spun fibers. * 在高的溶剂情况下，长丝被塑化使灯丝的更大扩展和聚合物链的较大的对准发生在较低的温度和较低的压力。多余的溶剂之前，为了除去，期间或拉伸之后进行。只是在挤出前，将聚合物溶液加热到刚好高于其沸点，增加了对准备在除去溶剂的可能性。 干法纺丝生产的纤维具有较低的孔隙浓度相比，熔融纺制的纤维，因为溶剂分子的存在导致经常是“记忆”，由聚合物空隙。这是通过更大的密度和干纺纤维的可染性降低反射。 * Wet Spinning Wet spinning is similar to dry spinning except that fiber formation results from the coagulation of the polymer solution as it is introduced into a nonsolvent bath. Since the coagulation process is relatively long, the linear velocity of wet spinning is less than for either melt or dry spinning. Wet spinning allows the placement of holes in the spinneret face to be closer together allowing productivity to be increased. Even so, it remains the slowest of the traditional spinning processes. The equipment used for wet spinning is similar to that used in dry spinning, though it is not necessary to heat the polymer solution to a high temperature. The spinnerets are immersed in tanks containing the nonsolvent. * 湿法纺丝 湿法纺丝是类似于干纺丝除了从聚合物溶液的凝固该纤维形成的结果，因为它被引入到非溶剂浴中。由于凝固过程比较长，湿纺线速度是小于或熔化或干法纺丝。湿法纺丝允许在喷丝板面的放置孔更靠近在一起从而允许提高生产率。即便如此，它仍然是最慢的传统纺纱工艺。用于湿法纺丝的设备相似，在干法纺丝中使用，虽然它并不需要加热聚合物溶液至高温。喷丝头被浸在含有非溶剂罐。 * Wet spinning is the most complex of the three spinning processes typically including washing, stretching, drying, crimping, finish application, and controlled relaxation to form tow material. Sp