2017_2018学年高中英语Module5CloningSectionⅣOtherPartsoftheModule教学案外研版选修.docVIP

Module 5 Cloning Section Ⅳ Other Parts of the Module [原文呈现][读文清障]　 Cloning and DNA Many people think that the science of genetics① and cloning is recent. Its certainly true that② in 1953, Watson and Crick, two scientists at Cambridge University, England, discovered the structure of the acid③ DNA — a transparent④twisting⑤ ladder made of the fundamental⑥components⑦ of life⑧. But in fact, it was in 1866 that⑨ Mendel first recorded the results of growing pea plants. He understood that both the parent plants had influenced the genetic make-up⑩ of the new plant. In 1973, biochemists Cohen and Boyer discovered a procedure? to use enzymes? — chemicals? formed in the body — to unzip? the DNA, to cut out?a sequence of?genes?， and finally to insert? them into the host cell? and combine with? its DNA. ①genetics/d??netIks/n．遗传学 ②that引导主语从句，it作形式主语。 ③acid/?sId/adj.酸(性)的 ④transparent/tr?nsp?r?nt/adj.透明的 ⑤twisting/twIstI?/adj.扭曲的，弯曲的 ⑥fundamental/?f?nd?mentl/adj.基本的，不可或缺的 ⑦component/k?mp??n?nt/n．成分 ⑧made of ...是过去分词短语作后置定语。 ⑨it was in ...是强调句型，强调时间状语in 1866。 ⑩make-upn．构成，构造 ?procedure/pr?si?d??/n．程序，注意其后接了四个to do。 ?enzyme/enzaIm/n．酶　?chemical n．化学物质 ?unzip/?nzIp/v．解开　?cut out 切割出来，分离 ?a sequence of 一系列的　?gene/d?i?n/n．基因 ?insert/Ins??t/v．植入，插入　?the host cell宿主细胞 ?combine with 与……结合 be combined with 被与……结合/联合在一起 克隆与DNA [第1～2段译文] 许多人认为基因学与克隆是最近出现的。确实如此，在1953年，英国剑桥大学的两名科学家沃森和克里克发现了酸性DNA的结构——一种透明的由生命基本元素构成的双螺旋结构。但是事实上，孟德尔在1866年第一个记录了种植豌豆的结果。他了解到植物的父本和母本都会影响子代的基因构成。 1973年，生物化学家科恩和博耶发现了如下步骤：利用人体内形成的化学物质酶解旋DNA，截取一定顺序的基因片断，最后把它们植入宿主细胞，使之与其DNA结合。 Cloning takes the DNA from a single cell to create a whole new individual. A clone is an organism which is geneticallyidentical to another one. But its now certain that no clone is an exact copy because of differences in experiences and upbringing. There are at least two teams of scientists which are trying to clone humans. Although controversial， there are many valid reasons to do so. An Italian doctor wants to offer cloning as an optional treatm