2017_2018学年高中英语Module5EthnicCultureSectionⅢGrammar_过去分词作状语和短语动词教学案外研版选修.docVIP

Module 5 Ethnic Culture Section Ⅲ Grammar-过去分词作状语和短语动词 语法图解 探究发现 ①Seen from above, the old town is a maze of canals, little bridges and tiny cobbled streets that tourists get lost in. ②Not invited, he became very disappointed. ③Completely rebuilt, the town would not be so interesting. ④Beaten by the opposite team, we didn’t lose heart and encouraged each other. ⑤Aunt Wu came in, followed by her daughter. ⑥The old town is on the side of a mountain and opposite it is the 5,500 metre Yulong Xueshan Mountain, its peak covered with snow. ⑦A big fire broke out last night in that village. ⑧When he read the book, he came across many new words. [我的发现] (1)①～⑤句中，黑体部分均在句中作状语，分别表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随。 (2)由②句可知，过去分词作状语时，其否定形式通常是在分词前加not。 (3)⑥句中分词作状语，有自己独立的主语，这叫独立主格结构。 (4)⑦⑧句中黑体部分为短语动词。 一、过去分词(短语)作状语 1．定义 及物动词的过去分词作状语，表示被动和完成的意义，功能上相当于一个表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步和方式等的状语从句，其逻辑主语一般与句子主语一致。 (1)过去分词作时间状语时，可转换为when, while, after或before引导的时间状语从句。 Asked (＝When she was asked) her future plans, the girl said that she wanted to be a teacher. 当问到未来的计划时， 这个女孩说她想成为一名教师。 (2)过去分词作原因状语时，可转换为as, since, because等引导的原因状语从句。 Frightened (＝Because/As she was frightened) by the tiger, the girl didn’t dare to sleep alone. 因为被老虎吓着了， 这个女孩不敢单独睡觉。 (3)过去分词作条件状语时，可转换为if, unless或once等引导的条件状语从句。 Grown (＝If these seeds are grown) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。 Given (＝If we were given) more time, we could do it better. 如果给我们更多时间的话，我们可以做得更好。 [名师点津]　此句中的given在许多语法书中作为介词处理。 (4)过去分词作让步状语时，可转换为although, though或even if等引导的让步状语从句。 Left (＝Although he was left) at home, John didn’t feel afraid at all. 虽然John被单独留在家里， (但是)他一点都不害怕。 (5)过去分词作状语表示伴随、方式或状态时，不能转换为状语从句，但是可转换为并列谓语或并列分句。 The teacher entered the classroom, followed (＝and he was followed) by a group of students. 老师进入教室，后面跟着一群学生。 (6)作方式状语，如有连词 as if，就转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；也可以转换为并列结构。 He began to cry as if bitten by a snake. ＝He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake. 他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了。 (7)过去分词作结果状语(相当于结果状语从句)。 He failed in the competition, b