徐世昌与东北新政研究Xu Shichang and the study of the new government in the Northeast.pdfVIP

徐世昌与东北新政研究 内容提要 任东三省总督两年期间，徐世昌稳步举办各项新政事业，全面推进了 东北社会的近代化进程。 徐世昌主持了东北地方官制改革，初步构建起具有资产阶级三权分立 雏形的新的行省体制，开启了清末地方官制改革的先河；刷新吏治，培养 新式行政人才，提高官员薪金待遇，进一步启动了东北政治近代化。筹建 各级审判厅、检察厅，创办奉天省城模范监狱和罪犯习艺所，促进了东北 司法体制的近代化。整顿金融、发展农业、举办工业，全面启动了东北的 经济近代化。兴办学堂、发展教育、培植人才，也为东北社会由传统向现 代转型奠定了文化基础。统一军制、编练新军增强了东北防务，实现了东 北的军事近代化。 然而，由于财政困窘、治安混乱，致使东北新政在实施过程中困难重 重，举步为艰，限制了新政事业的深入发展。 关键词：徐世昌, 清末, 东北, 新政, 近代化 A study of Xu Shi-chang and the Transformation of Late Qing in the Northeast Abstract During his two year’s administration as the Northeast Satrap, Xu Shi-chang gradually threw his body in the New Movement at the transformation process. He was the first one to conduct the reform of administrative system in the Qing Dynasty, which resulted in a new system of province characteristic of bourgeois management. Furthermore, he cultivated new officials and improved their salary, which improved political systems. He established judicial departments and procurator organs of different levels. More typically, he built a model jail of Feng-tian province and trained criminals. T