心理学导论-Chapter 1-1-introduction-30-BD.ppt

The scientific study of Behavior Mental Processes 双语教学 讨论 How much do you know about psychology, such as psychologists, theories or their applications? You can also talk about your own observations in life.  (5 minutes) Use the Concept Map to organize. At 3:00 a.m., a woman screamed, “He stabbed me! Please help me! Please help me!” IF people saw this: How many of them would be willing to try to give a help? (Helping includes picking up the phone to call the police) A. No one. B. One or two people. C. Half the people. D. More than half the people. Kitty Genovese Queens, New York. A total of 38 neighbors watchedStabbed to death over 35 min period The first phone call = 3:50 a.m. after Kitty was already dead. Hypotheses: As the number of bystanders increases, the likelihood of any one bystander helping decreases and the more time passes before anyone helps. Why people failed to help the victim Kitty Genovese? Latané and Darley (1968) called this Diffusion of Responsibility.  “Bystander Effect” 旁观者  责任分散 Seizure study --Diffusion of Responsibility Seizure study (Latane Darley, 1968) Procedure: SS put in individual booths and told they would discuss personal problems via speaker system. During the discussion, a confederate suffers a seizure over intercom. Manipulation (IV): Number of people SS led to believe they were: Alone In 3-person group In 6-person group DVs: % who help and mean time to help Darley and Latané (1968) - the seizure study Percentage of Participants Who Attempted to Help Victim Darley and Latané (1968) - the seizure study Numbers of Seconds Passing before Participants Attempted to Help Victim Ms. Genoveses neighbors reacted as they reportedly did not because they were apathetic or cold-hearted, but because they were confused, uncertain and afraid.  If only one witness saw or heard her attack, rather than the reputed 38? The situational factors The Founder of Behavioral Economics As the most influential livi