[理化生]磁场与电磁感应-3.pptVIP

对于曲面S2 电场中某一点位移电流等于该点电位移通量对时间的变化率. 麦克斯韦假设: 位移电流 S2 L +Q -Q ++++ ---- I 全电流安培环路定理 全电流 (I+Id) 是连续的 位移电流和传导电流一样激发磁场 传导电流产生焦耳热,位移电流不产生焦耳热 位移电流和传导电流的对比 Ruhmkorff induction coil, 19th century artwork. This electro- magnetic induction coil was invented in 1851, by the German engineer Heinrich Daniel Ruhmkorff. When connected to sparking electrodes in an evacuated chamber (centre left), the coil could produce high- voltage electrical sparks over a 30-centimetre-wide gap. The technology was used in the first radio transmitters and in the Crookes and Geissler tubes. A later version was developed into the first alternating-current transformer. * 第七章 磁场与电磁感应 第七章 磁场与电磁感应 §7-1 磁场 磁感应强度 §7-2 磁场对运动电荷的作用力 §7-3 磁场对载流导线的作用 §7-4 物质的磁性 §7-5 电磁感应 §7-6 电磁场理论 Medical induction coil from the eighteenth century. This quack device was used to give a patient therapeutic electric shocks. At the time, these were believed to cure a number of ailments. §7-5 电磁感应 ( Electromagnetic induction ) Michael Faraday (1791-1867), British chemist and physicist. Faradays major work was in the areas of magnetism and electricity, where he suggested the concepts of electric and magnetic fields. He did early work on the electric motor (1821), and induction, transformers and the dynamo (all 1831). He also gave lectures at the Royal Institution, London, that popularized science with the public. Induced current. Two students preparing apparatus for inducing current in a coil. They are about to drop a magnet through the coil. An oscilloscope attached to this will measure the changes in current. Electricity is generated, or induced, when a wire moves through a magnetic field. This principle is exploited in electricity generators, which spin a coil between magnets to convert rotary motion into electrical energy. + + + + - - - - Ua Ub 电源及其电动势 仅有静电场力不能维持稳恒电流.要维持稳恒电流,除静电力之外还必须存在非静电场力. 电源外部靠静电力作用使电荷运动. 电源内部靠非静电力克服静电力作用使电荷运动. 电源:提供非静电力的装置 电源 ? Fk I E E 电池 化