对光伏并网电站运行状态的实时远程监控设计.doc

摘要 近年来由于人们对能源短缺、环境污染问题的日益关注，太阳能的应用与普及越来越受到人们的重视，应用领域也越来越广泛,这也使得光伏产业在近些年发展较为迅猛。本设计针对光伏电站的现状,应用计算机技术、网络通信技术等相关技术,研究开发了一套以现场总线为骨干的太阳能光伏电站监控系统。该系统能够同时实现本地监控和远程监控功能,具有实时性好、功能全面等特点,具有很强的工程实用价值。 本设计首先介绍了光伏发电技术及其监控系统的研究现状,阐述了光伏电站监控系统的组成和功能。根据实际应用的需求,选取了 AVR ATmega系列单片机作为该系统的控制器,进行了系统的软硬件的设计,实现了对光伏电站运行状态的实时监控,具有参数显示和设置等功能。 其次,通过比较目前常用的远程通信方式,选用了 GPRS无线通信方式来实现监控系统远程通信功能。并结合GPRS无线通信方式的优点,详细阐述了系统是如何利用GPRS无线通信技术构建数据通信链路与实现数据远程传输的。 最后,分别给出了基于MCGS的本地监控和基于WEB的远程监控人机界面设计,并详细给出了单片机与本地上位机的通信协议——Modbus-RTU。本监控系统是通过多重窗体程序来实现人机界面的,通过不同的窗体可以实现电站的运行状态的实时显示和参数设定等功能。 在实验室搭建了系统测试平台,进行了模拟调试,达到了设计的预期效果。此系统已经在实际的工程中得到应用。 关键词:光伏电站;远程监控;单片机;GPRS;现场总线 Abstract Energy is the basis for human survival. Nowadays, energy crisis is increasingly serious. Solar energy, as an inexhaustible supply, is clean and renewable. It has been paid more and more attention. Therefore, using photovoltaic effect to convert solar power to electricity is one of the important methods to solve the current crisis. In this thesis, the PV power plant monitoring system is researched and designed based on fieldbus by using computer technology, network communication technology and related technologies. The system is able to achieve local and remote monitoring, and is very practical for its multiple functions and performance of real-time. Firstly, the research status of photovoltaic technology and its monitoring system was introduced in the thesis, and then the composition and function of the PV power plant monitoring system was described. According to the needs of practical application, AVR ATmega series microcontrollers were selected as the system controller in the thesis. The hardware design and software design for the controller were mainly studied, they could achieve real-time data acquisition, data and state display, parameter setting etc al. Secondly, by comparing with the current commonly used remote means of communication, GPRS wireless communication was chosen to achieve the remote communication