科普知识之化学科技讲义模板introduction-to-chemistry.pptVIP

CHEMISTRY ELEMENT, COMPOUND AND MIXTURE What is an element ? Element A chemical substance Examples of Metals ( Sodium ) Na Use : Sodium Lamp Copper Cu Use : Electric Conductor Calcium Ca Use : Calcium ions needed to form bones and teeth Aluminium Al Use: Making of cooking pots and pans Gold ; Aurum Au Use : Jewelry Iron; Ferum Fe Use : Construction of buildings and bridges Lead Pb Uses : Water pipes Pipes for wiring Magnesium Mg Use : Crackers and Fireworks Platinum Pt Use: Jewelry Potassium K Use : Potassium salts - agricultural fertilizers Silver Ag Use : Jewelry Tin Sn Use : Making containers Zinc Zn Uses : Dry cells; Roofing for houses Mercury Hg Use : In Thermometers Examples of Non-Metals Chlorine Cl Use : Killing germs in water supply Argon Ar Use : Lighting Bulbs Bromine Br Use : Photography Boron B Use : Making Medicine in pharmacy Helium He Use : Filling balloons Carbon C  Diamond Graphite Hydrogen H Use: Fuel Neon Ne Use : Neon Lights Nitrogen N Use : Liquid Nitrogen –Refrigeration Coolant What is a Compound ? A Chemical Consists of 2 or more elements chemically combined Chemical Bond between the particles Examples of Compounds Ammonium Chloride Use : Dry Batteries Constituents : H , N , Cl Glucose Use : Carbohydrates Constituents : H , C , O Sodium Chloride Use : Flavor for Food Constituents : Na , Cl Calcium carbonate Use : Building material Constituents : Ca , C, O Sulphuric acid Use : Car Accumulator Constituents : H , S , O Urea Use : Nitrogeneous Fetilizer Constituents : C , H , O , N Copper (II) sulphate Use: Fungicide Constituents : Cu , S , O , H Potassium nitrate Use : Agricultural Fertilizers Constituents : K , N , O Ethanoic acid Trichloromethane (Chloroform) What is a Mixture ? Substance consisting of 2 or more substances physically combined together Components : Elements or/and compounds Components can be separated by physical means Examp