[农学]微生物学 细菌 原核微生物 课件.pdf

Chapter 2 Procaryotic microorganism or the Protokaryotes What is prokaryote ? Procaryotic cells are the smallest and simplest cells, representative procaryotes include bacteria and archaea, both of which lack a nucleus and organelles onlycontain genetic material in a single chromosome, and ribosomes for synthesizing proteins. Section 1 The shapes, structure and function Section 2 diversity and classification for prokaryotes Section 3 Introduction to other some prokaryotic group except bacteria Section 1 The Shape, structure and function of bacteria The shape and size of Bacteria Most bacteria fall within a range cm = 10-2 meter mm = 10-3 meter from 0.2 to 2.0 μm in diameter μm = 10-6 meter and from 2 to 8 μm in length. nm = 10-9 meter They have a few basic shapes-spherical coccus (plural, cocci, meaning berries), rod-shaped bacillus (plural, bacilli, meaning little staffs), and spiral. Spherical coccus diplococci sarcinae streptococci staphylococci tetracocci Arrangement of Spherical Bacterial Cells Rod-shaped bacteria Bacilli divide only across their short axis, so there are fewer groupings of bacilli than of cocci. Single bacillus Diplobacilli streptobacilli Coccobacillus Vibrio, Spirillum and Spirochete （弧菌、螺菌、螺旋体） vibrio Some