[工学]地下水专业术语英文解释.docVIP

PAGE  PAGE 32 Ground water Term absorption coefficient吸附系数A measure of the amount of radiant energy, incident normal to a planar surface, that is absorbed per unit distance or unit mass of a substance. accumulation (glacial)堆积All processes, which include snowfall, condensation, avalanching, snow transport by wind, and freezing of liquid water, that add snow or ice to a glacier, floating ice, or snow cover. The term also includes the amount of snow or other solid precipitation added to a glacier or snowfield by these processes. acid rain酸雨the acidic rainfall which results when rain combines with sulfur oxides emissions from combustion of fossil fuels.acidity profile酸度剖面The acid concentration in ice core layers as a function of depth as determined from electrical measurements. The magnitudes of some volcanic eruptions in the Northern Hemisphere have been estimated from the acidity of annual layers in ice cores taken in Greenland. This methodology is sometimes referred to as acidity signal or acidity record. adhesion内聚力the molecular attraction asserted between the surfaces of bodies in contact. Compare  HYPERLINK /glossary.html \l cohesion cohesionadsorption 吸附the adhesion of a substance to the surface of a solid or liquid. Adsorption is often used to extract pollutants by causing them to be attached to such adsorbents as activated carbon or silica gel. Hydrophobic, or water-repulsing adsorbents, are used to extract oil from waterways in oil spills.advance time [irrigation]行进时间 Time required for a given stream of irrigation water to move from the upper end of a field to the lower end of the field. advection水平对流The predominately horizontal large-scale movement of air that causes changes in temperature or other physical properties. In oceanography, advection is the horizontal or vertical flow of sea water as a current. aeration 曝气the mixing or turbulent exposure of water to air and oxgen to dissipate volatile contaminants and