[文学研究]综合英语.ppt

综合英语(II) 主讲 湖北教育学院外语系 曹 曼 Lesson Six Scientific writing (English for science and technology) Scientific writing 1. technical terms cylinder block; carburettor; thermodynamics; etc. 2. objective: relying on facts, not involve emotion, seldom use figures of speech, exclamation the use of present tense the use of passive voice Scientific writing 3. sentences: a) complete no contractions (dept -- department) b) long 1) compound sentences 2) appositions 3) parenthesis 4) logical connectors such as : however; but; also; yet; finally; while; as ; not only; just as ...so; etc. Scientific writing 4. noun pre-modifiers game theory; human growth genes; theme park; museum villages;world car; etc Scientific writing Generally this technical writing tends to be very formal. Yet the characteristics of any kind of language style is not absolute. In order to meet the needs of the work for popular science, many scientific workers try to adopt a more popular style. Then there comes a popular scientific and technical writing style. Characteristics limit the use of technical terms examples--- to make the writing more vivid and appealing to the readers figures of speech-- to make the sentences figurative so that the readers can easily understand and associate them with what they are familiar with thermodynamics -- (sing) 热力学 science of the relations between heat and mechanical work genetics --- science (branch of biology) dealing with heredity mutation – change, alternation a change in the genetic structure of an animal or plant which causes a new sort of animal or plant to develop A series of mutations has resulted in large grains of wheat. a very important change in the structure or organization profound mutations in culture and attitudes discredit (fml) –- refuse to believe or have confidence in cause the truth to seem doubtful His theories were discredited by scientists. Scientific discoveries have discredited religious belief. (question) corollary (fml)– a corolla