[经济学]ch_04-Accrual Accounting.ppt

Classified Balance Sheet分类资产负债表 Current liabilities流动负债 are those that come due within the next year (or within the operating cycle if longer) Current liabilities are listed in the order in which they will decrease cash during the coming year Working capital 运营资本is the excess of current assets流动资产 over current liabilities流动负债 The following slide shows the classified balance sheet for Chan Audio Company: Classified Balance Sheet分类资产负债表 Current Ratio流动比率 Liquidity流动性 is a company’s ability to pay its immediate financial obligations债务 with cash and near-cash assets The current ratio evaluates a company’s liquidity Chan Audio’s current ratio is Current Ratio = Current assets Current liabilities $532,600 $235,300 = 2.3 Current Ratio流动比率 The quick ratio速冻比率 removes Inventory (and other less liquid assets such as Prepaid Expenses) from the numerator of the calculation Chan Audio’s quick ratio is The current ratio should be greater than 2.0 The quick ratio should be greater than 1.0 $532,600 - $250,200 $235,300 = 1.2 Formats of Balance Sheets资产负债表格式 A balance sheet may be presented in the Report format报告格式 Account format账户格式 The report format presents the accounts vertically The account format puts the assets at the left and liabilities and owners’ equity at the right Either format is acceptable 07 * * Income Statement Formats利润表格式 Two commonly used formats for income statements are the Single-step income statement单步式利润表 Multiple-step income statement多步式利润表 The next slide presents a single-step income statement for Chan Audio Company It groups all types of revenue together It lists列示 and deducts扣除all expenses without drawing any intermediate subtotals Single-Step Income Statement单步式利润表 Multiple-Step Income Statements多步式利润表 Most multiple-step income statements disclose Gross profit (gross margin)毛利润 The excess of sales revenue over the cost of the inventory that was sold Operating expenses营业费用 A group of recurring expenses that pertain to the fi