中级微观经济学第八次习题_1.docVIP

中级微观经济学第八次作业及解答 1.请判断下列说法的正误，并简要说明理由 （1）已知某种商品是X,Y,Z三种生产要素结合的产物，当它们同时增加1个单位（2）若某种商品是X,Y,Z三种生产要素的产物，在保持X和Y不变的前提下，增加1单位Z使产量增加了2个单位，那么这2单位产量是这1单位Z生产出来的。 （3）假若厂商使用先进的机器设备以代替劳动，劳动的需求曲线将向右方移动。 （）为消除外部性影响，政府所制订的排污费和排污许可证制度的经济效果是无差异的。 （）当存在外部不经济时，厂商的私人成本高于社会成本。 （）一种物品有竞争性，但无排他性，通常我们称之为公共资源。 （）一个产品具有非排他性，是指排除他人使用是不可能的，或者排除他人使用的成本过于昂贵。 2. 英文教材Nicholson: Chapter 21, Problem 21.5 Page 599。 Assume the quantity of envelopes licked per hour by Sticky Gums, Inc., is, where L is the number of laborers hired per hour by the firm. Assume further that the envelope-licking business is perfectly competitive with a market price of $.01 per envelope. a. How much labor would be hired at a competitive wage of $10? $5? $2? Use your results to sketch a demand curve for labor. b. Assume that Sticky Gums hires its labor at an hourly wage of $10. What quantity of envelopes will be licked when the price of a licked envelope is $.10, $.05, $.02? Use your results to sketch a supply curve for licked envelopes. 3. 英文教材Nicholson: Chapter 22, Problem 22.1 Page 622。 Suppose there are 8,000 hours in a year (actually there are 8,760) and that an individual has a potential market wage of $5 per hour. a. What is the individual’s full income? If he or she chooses to devote 75 percent of this income to leisure, how many hours will be worked? b. Suppose a rich uncle dies and leaves the individual an annual income of $4,000 per year. If he or she continues to devote 75 percent of full income to leisure, how many hours will be worked? c. How would your answer to part (b) change if the market wage were $10 per hour instead of $5 per hour? d. Graph the individual’s supply of labor curve implied by parts (b) and (c). 4. 考虑一种商品的经济，消费者效用建立在商品和劳动上。其效用函数为 其中商品由垄断厂商雇佣消费者的劳动和资本进行生产，其生产函数为 设消费者的收入来源为资本收入和劳动收入，消费者初始资本禀赋为。请回答下面问题。 (1) 在商品价格水平、资本回报率和工资回报率固定情形下， 求解商品的Marshallian需求函数和消费者的劳动力供给函数。 (2) 在商品产量水平、资本回报率和工资回报率固定情形下，求解厂商的成本函数和要素需求函数。 5. 英文教材Nicholson: Chapter 22, Problem 22.2 Page 622。 Mr. Peabody has a utility f