组织学与胚胎学Introduction.pptVIP

Histology and Embryology For international students Lei Lei Sep. 2005 Introduction Key points of this class Methods employed in Histology Cell 1. Histology Histo=Tissue Logos=Study 2. Embryology What we will learn in this course Cell Tissue: 4 basic tissues Organ system Why it is important to learn histology? To recognize normal tissue and cells To acquire basic skill which you will use throughout your career!!! What you need to do Look Think Compare Remember Idealized images 2. Basic methods of histology Observation of histological slides Procedure: Specimen Fixation Embedding Sectioning Staining Observation  Fixation Fixation solution (fixative) LM---4% formaldehyde EM---glutaraldehyde followed by osmium tetroxide Embedding Ethanol----dehydration Xylene----clearing Paraffin----embedding Sectioning Microtome thickness 2~10 μm 1μm=0.001mm=10-6m 1nm=0.001μm=10-6mm=10-9m Staining Basophilia , Acidophilia, metachromasia Basic dyes: toluidine blue, methylene blue, hematoxylin Acid dyes: orange G, eosin, acid fuchsin common staining: Hematoxylin Eosin Specific staining: silver Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) HE is the most commonly method in histological study Hematoxylin Blue Eosin Pink Hematoxylin Eosin HE 3. Microscopes Light microscope Specific microscope (1). Phase-contrast microscope (2). Differential interference microscope (3). Fluorescence microscope (4). Confocal microscope Electron microscope 4. Other methods A. Autoradiography B. Histochemistry and cytochemistry PAS (periodic acid Schiff reaction) Feulgen reaction C. Immunocytochemistry Antigen and antibody reaction D. In situ hybridization DAN or RNA single strand complementary Other methods (continue) E. Cell culture—stem cells F. Transgenic animal G. Micromanipulation and cloning H. Tissue engineering Summary 1. Histology is the study of the tissues of the body and of how these tissues are arrang