永磁牵引电机的崛起.docVIP

外文原文 The Rise Of The Permanent-magnet TractioMotor Technology offering benefits in terms of mass, size and energy consumption, the permanent-magnet synchronous machine is increasingly being adopted for traction drives, despite the need for complex control systems and potential failure modes. In the past couple of years, many of the bids for new rolling stock placed with major international suppliers have proposed the use of permanent-magnet synchronous traction motors, which are smaller and lighter than the three-phase induction motors that have dominated the market in recent times. Permanent-magnet motors first came to prominence with the use of two powered bogies from Alstoms AGV in the V150 trainset which broke the world speed record on April 3 2007, but they have subsequently been used in a variety of applications, ranging from the Citadis-Dualis tram-train to SBBs Twindexx double-deck inter-city trainsets (Table I). Although railway operators are often viewed as conservative in the adoption of new technologies, the designers and manufacturers of rail traction systems tend to capitalise on the latest drive technologies, which are rapidly deployed in service if they promise significant performance improvements. This was the case for the early choppers supplying series-connected DC traction motors, separately-excited DC motors, synchronous AC motors and drives (as used on the first generations of TGVs) and for the various generations of asynchronous (squirrel-cage) three-phase drives. As technology moved forward, traction drives became more efficient and more controllable, allowing better use of available adhesion while reducing energy consumption. The permanent-magnet synchronous machine, with its associated control electronics, represents the latest such advance in traction technology. Millions of small PMSMs are already being used in the transmissions of hybrid cars, thanks to their low mass and good controllability. Larger machines offer a similar potential to