钻杆自动排放系统毕业设计.docVIP

摘 要 在钻井工业中，不断提高自动化水平是钻井过程中所面临的许多问题的途径之一。人们的注意力一般放在是否可以通过取消钻台和整台钻机上的工作人员，或者使这些工作人员处于间接操作环境之下，来解决工作人员的现有问题、提高作业速度、减少事故率。 在起下钻过程中需要将钻杆从井口移送到排放架或从排放架移送到井口,即钻杆排放操作。特点是具有危险性;是一个重复性高而劳动强度大的过程;花费大量时间;需要多人合作共同完成。 在海上钻井作业中常遇风浪,工作环境恶劣,安全情况更为突出。同时,海上钻井成本很高,加快钻井速度,缩短钻井周期显得尤为重要。 20 世纪40 年代,人们开始探索使钻杆操作机械化的各种方法,于是产生了钻杆排放系统,实现钻井过程中井口到排放架之间钻杆排放的自动化操作,避免人与钻杆的直接接触,并可加快起下钻速度,对降低海上钻井作业成本发挥了重要作用。 关键字：钻杆自动排放系统；机械化；自动化 Offshore drilling platform drill rod automatic emissions and blading system design Abstract In the well drilling industry, raises the automated level is one which of unceasingly many question ways in the well drilling process faces. The peoples attention places generally whether can through cancel the drill stand and put in order on the Taiwan drilling machines staff, or causes these staff to be under the indirect operation environment, solves staffs existing problem, to raise the operating speed, the reduced accident rate. drills in the process under having to need to transfer the drill rod from the well head to emissions or from discharges the frame to transfer the well head, namely drill rod emissions operation. The characteristic has the risk; Is a duplication high labor intensity big process; Spends the massive time; Needs the multi-people to cooperate completes together. 0ften meets the storm in the offshore drilling work, the working conditions is bad, the security situation is more prominent. At the same time, the offshore drilling cost is very high, speeds up the well drilling speed, reduces the well drilling cycle appears especially important. The 1940s, the people start to explore cause the drill rod operation mechanization each method, therefore has produced the drill rod draindown system, realizes in the well drilling process discharges the well head the automated operation which to an emissions between drill rod, avoids the person and drill rods immediate contact, and may speed up under drills the speed, to reduced the offshore drilling cost of operation t